自汪晖的《当代中国的思想状况与现代性问题》详细地讨论了“反现代的现代性”之后，中国现代性问题便成为中国思想界左右之争的焦点，事实上，这一理论并非植根于中国，而是由西方左派理论家最先提出，影响了求学西方的中国学者，进而进入中国语境。本文聚焦于德里克、刘康、汪晖关于“反现代的现代性”的论述，比较中西文论不同语境中对中国问题的理解和阐释，德里克和刘康的理论是用中国理论反思西方，而汪晖将这一理论引回中国，在这双向旅行中，结构发生了微妙的翻转，用抽象的理论去证明中国的实践经验，使得原本西方左翼理论的批判性进入中国语境后不仅丧失了它的锋芒，反而披上了自我美化的外衣，原先西方理论的洞见随之变成解读中国经验的盲点。

Since Wang Hui discussed "the anti-modern modernity" in detail in his article "Contemporary Chinese Thought and the Question of Modernity", the issue of Chinese modernity has become a bone of contention in the ideological circle of China. In fact, the theory did not grow from China, but was initially proposed by Western Leftist theorists. It affected Chinese scholars in the West and then entered China. This article focuses on the discussion of "the anti-modern modernity" by Arif Dirlik, Liu Kang and Wang Hui, and compares their different understandings and interpretations in Chinese and Western contexts. The theory of Arif Dirlik and Liu Kang was to reflect on the West by using Chinese theory. When Wang Hui introduced the theory to China, there was a structural change. By analyzing the practical experience of China with abstract theory, he reduced the critical power of the original Western Leftist theory and gave it a superficially glorious coat. The original insights in Western theories became useless for interpreting Chinese experiences.