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文艺理论研究

文艺理论研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 119-129.

• 西方文论 • 上一篇    下一篇

海德格尔论祖国作为“存有本身”的“大地和自然”维度

何光顺   

  1. 四川大学古籍整理研究所

  • 出版日期:2023-05-25 发布日期:2023-06-10
  • 作者简介:何光顺，文学博士，四川大学古籍整理研究所教授、中共四川省委省直机关党校哲学社会科学教研部教授，主要从事中国哲学、文艺美学、当代诗歌批评等领域研究。
  • 基金资助:

    本文为国家社会科学基金一般资助项目“从物化到物感的中华美学时空思维结构演进研究”[项目编号：18BZX136]的阶段性成果。

The Heideggerian View of the Motherland as “Being Itself” from the Perspective of “the Earth and Nature”

He Guangshun   

  1. Institute of Ancient Books Collation at Sichuan University

  • Online:2023-05-25 Published:2023-06-10
  • About author:He Guangshun, Ph.D., is a professor in the Institute of Ancient Books Collation at Sichuan University, and a professor in the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences Teaching and Research at the Party School of Sichuan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. His research focuses on Chinese philosophy, literary aesthetics, and contemporary poetry criticism.
  • Supported by:

    This article is funded by the National Social Sciences Foundation (18BZX136).

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摘要：

海德格尔将“祖国”阐释为“存有本身”是与其“大地和自然”思想密切关联的，是在古希腊-日耳曼(德意志)与犹太-基督教(或天主教)两大欧洲传统的对峙中展开的。海氏关于希腊的“第一次开端”和德国的“另一次开端”的叙事指向了对于犹太主义的批判，是关联着家乡大地和本真自然的生存的；建构存在论意义的祖国，就是从时间出发以寻找德国精神的源头，是民族的历史性此在时间与创造者时间的实现；作为“存有本身”的“祖国”和海氏的基础存在论相关，是穹苍、大地、终有一死者、诸神所共属的命运，是不断涌现和沉落的孤独者和憔悴者，是与资本和技术对立的幽然自闭的存在；海氏对“祖国”作为“存有本身”的审美性建构，要旨在于将祖国建造为庇护人之诗意存在的居所，但其在伦理学上还相对欠缺一种共享或大享精神，也当值得注意。

关键词:

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Abstract: Heidegger's interpretation of “the motherland” as “being itself” is closely related to his conceptualization of “the Earth and Nature，” which unfolds itself in the confrontation between two great European traditions， the ancient Greco-Germain （Germany） and the Jewish-Christian （or Catholic）. His narration of the Greek “first beginning” and German “another beginning” guides one to the criticism of Judaism， which is related to the existence of the homeland and the true nature. To construct the motherland in ontological terms indicates the search for the source of the German spirit from time， as well as the realization of nation's historical Dasein time and creator time. “The motherland，” as “being itself，” is associated with Heidegger's fundamental ontology. It is the common destiny of the firmament， the earth， the mortal， and the gods. It is a man of solitude and dreariness who constantly rises and sinks. And it is an existence of seclusion that opposes to capital and technology. The Heideggerian aesthetic construction of “the motherland” as “being itself” aims at building the motherland as a habitation of people's poetic existence. However， it should be noted that such ideal， in ethical terms， is still deficient in a spirit of sharing or great enjoyment.

Key words: the motherland； , being itself； , the earth and nature； , anti-Semitism； , a spirit of great enjoyment