在电影中重构真实事件几乎与电影一样古老。关于真人真事改编电影的研究涉及甚广，如对纪实和虚构的讨论，以及剧情片、新闻之间的界限问题，颇受学者重视。真人真事改编电影不同于其他体裁电影的最大特点正在于，真人真事改编电影形成了指示意义世界；它既在构建故事又在表达事实，即在解释事件的同时又在回溯事件的意义。真人真事改编电影中存在一个元层次，将事件解释且成为故事，而事件是元叙述层的基础层。真人真事改编电影的指示意义世界通过元解释对意义的凸显，来召唤对真人真事基础层的关注。本文从符号学的角度切入真人真事改编电影，以指示和元叙述的角度来分析真人真事改编电影的双层叙述特征，探析这个古老的电影体裁如何在呈现事件的同时塑造意义。

Reconstructing real events in film is almost as old as filmmaking itself. Films based on real stories have received considerable scholarly attention, which engages a wide variety of inquiries including the question of non-fictionality and fictionality and the boundary between feature films and news. The most remarkable characteristic of real-story-based films is that they form a world of denotation, which at once constructs stories and presents facts, depicting the events while interpreting their meanings at the same time. Those films have a dimension on the meta-level, in which events—the basis of the meta-narrative—are interpreted and turned into stories. The denoted world of these films highlights the meaning through meta-interpretation, calling attention to the real life on its basic level. Such double-layered narrative of films based on real stories is investigated from a semiotic perspective in this article. It explores, through analysis of their denotation and meta-narrative, the ways in which films based on real stories simultaneously present and shape the meaning of events.