本文试图理解虚构文本的指涉问题，亦即其与现实的关系。利科认为诗性语言的指涉问题并未被取消，而只是被悬置，它通过语义创新而具有对现实进行变形的能力，能使我们的个人环境成为可居住的世界。通过海德格尔和伽达默尔对“世界”与“环境”这两个概念的解释，我们认为文本世界的现实意义在于它也同样在本体论意义上为我们提供了可能的存在样态，即是说，虚构能够表达可能现实。为此，我们重点从布鲁门贝格的研究出发，进一步探讨现实概念的历史转变对虚构的现实理念所产生的影响。新的现实理念允许人通过虚构扩展自己的可能性领域，在阅读中不断获得新的视角性立场，进行本体论意义上的旅行。

This article explores the issue of reference in fictional texts, that is, the relationship between fictional texts and reality. Paul Ricoeur thinks that the reference of poetic language is not cancelled, but only suspended. Through its semantic creativity, it possesses the ability to transform reality and to turn our personal environment into a habitable world. The interpretation of the concept “world/Welt” and “environment/Umwelt” by Martin Heidegger and Hans-Georg Gadamer shed light on the significance of fictional texts in reality, for they propose to us possible modes of existence in the ontological sense.In other words, fictional texts can express the reality of the possible (réalité du possible/Wirklichkeit des Moglichen). This article focuses on the researches by Hans Blumenberg, in order to discuss the influence of the historical evolution of the concept of reality on that of fictional texts. The new idea about the reality enables people to enlarge their zone of possibility through fiction, and to constantly change their perspective and position through the ontological journey of reading.