儒林“衣冠”与细节描写的体系化——以《儒林外史》为中心

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文艺理论研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4) : 56-65.

专题：古代小说新论

儒林“衣冠”与细节描写的体系化——以《儒林外史》为中心

刘紫云

作者信息 +

Scholars' Caps in Unoffical History of the Scholars: Rereading Details from a Holistic Perspective

Liu Ziyun

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摘要

本文以《儒林外史》服饰描写中的头衣（俗称“帽子”）为研究对象，探讨这一细节与小说情节结构、主题思想之关系。通过对头衣类型及其特征的分析可知，为了照应小说“托明写清”这一时间框架，吴敬梓基本以明代服制礼仪为蓝本描写士林衣冠服饰；人物头衣是否与身份相符，成为吴敬梓观察士人群体言行出处的切入点之一。本文总结了与头衣密切相关的两类小说情节，讨论吴敬梓如何借由这一细节呈现科举制度下鱼龙混杂的士林圈和壁垒森严的士人内部分层。此外，本文还进一步指出，作为吴敬梓“春秋笔法”的一部分，有关头衣的细节还被整合到小说家对儒礼议题的思考中，呈现出体系化的艺术效果。

Abstract

This article studies descriptions of scholars' caps in Unoffical History of the Scholars and investigates how this seemingly trivial detail connects to plot structure and the ideology of the novel. By examining types of caps, this article points out that although the novel potentially deals with scholars of the Qing, when it comes to describing their costumes Wu Jingzi refers to costume rituals of the Ming so as to strictly fit in the background of the Ming. This article illustrates how Wu Jingzi weaves details about caps into two main types of plot concerning disorder and chaos among literati circles and their living conditions within the hierarchical imperial examination system. In conclusion, the cap not only plays a positive role in structuring plot but also is well organized in a holistic perspective to reflect Wu Jingzi's contemplation on Confucian rituals.

导出引用

刘紫云 . 儒林“衣冠”与细节描写的体系化——以《儒林外史》为中心 [J]. 文艺理论研究, 2018, 38(4): 56-65

Liu Ziyun . Scholars' Caps in Unoffical History of the Scholars: Rereading Details from a Holistic Perspective[J]. Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art, 2018, 38(4): 56-65

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