在红学史上，《红楼梦》的“吃饭”曾经是一个引起评论家关注的话题。《红楼梦》存在大量有关日常“吃饭”的描写，一类较简略，主要用作单纯的叙事方法，在叙事过程中起到引起、进行、过渡、收束等作用；一类较详细，同时作为叙事内容和叙事方法而存在，这类“吃饭”描写既是小说叙事内容的有机构成，本身包蕴着思想内涵，又作为叙事手段起着安排结构、组织情节和刻画人物等作用；从日常“吃饭”的描写还可探讨前八十回与后四十回写法上的差异。曹雪芹有意识地把“吃饭”作为家庭日常生活中的重要方面进行叙写，反映贵族家庭生活中的一些本质方面，体现出《红楼梦》在小说叙事上的探索与创新。
Abstract
The narrative of meals in A Dream of Red Mansions has been a topic of concern to critics. Among the numerous descriptions about daily meals in the novel, some are simple, acting as narrative techniques such as introduction, development, transition and closure, and some are more specific, functioning as narrative techniques and narrative contents at the same time. As narrative contents, they provide ideological meaning and literary value. And as narrative techniques, they play important roles in structuring, plotting and characterization. By studying the narrative of meals, we could see the difference between chapters 1-80 and the rest of the chapters. Cao Xueqin consciously narrates and describes meals as an important aspect of the family's daily life, which, on the one hand, reflects essential aspects of the noble family, and on the other hand, reveals the exploration and innovation of A Dream of Red Mansions in the narration of fiction.
关键词
《红楼梦》 /
吃饭 /
叙事方法 /
叙事内容
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Key words
A Dream of Red Mansions /
meals /
narrative methods /
narrative content
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参考文献
[1]蔡元培:《石头记索隐》。王国维、蔡元培:《红楼梦评论石头记索隐》。上海:上海古籍出版社, 2005年。[Cai, Yuanpei. In-depth Exploration of The Story of the Stone. Wang Guowei, and Cai Yuanpei. Comments on A Dream of Red Mansions;In-depth Exploration of The Story of the Stone. Shanghai:Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 2005.]
[2]曹雪芹:《红楼梦》。北京:人民文学出版社, 2005年。[Cao, Xueqin. A Dream of Red Mansions. Beijing:People's Literature Publishing House, 2005.]
[3]梅新林:“‘旋转舞台’的神奇效应——《红楼梦》的宴会描写及其文化蕴义”, 《红楼梦学刊》1 (2001) :2 —25。[Mei, Xinlin.“The Magic Effect of the Revolving Stage:Description and Cultural Significance of Feasts in A Dream of Red Mansions.”Studies on A Dream of Red Mansions 1 (2001) :2-25.]
[4]钱锺书:《管锥编》 (第一册) 。上海:三联书店, 2007年。[Qian, Zhongshu. Limited Views:Essays on Ideas and Letters. Vol. 1. Shanghai:Shanghai Joint Publishing Company, 2007.]
[5]张新之:“石头记读法”, 《八家评批红楼梦》, 冯其庸校。南昌:江西教育出版社, 2000年。[Zhang, Xinzhi.“Reading Methods of The Story of the Stone.”Eight Critics on A Dream of Red Mansions. Ed.Feng Qiyong. Nanchang:Jiangxi Education Publishing House, 2000.]
[6]周汝昌:《石头记:周汝昌校订批点本》。桂林:漓江出版社, 2010年。[Zhou, Ruchang. The Story of the Stone:Annotated by Zhou Ruchang. Guilin:Lijiang Publishing Limited, 2010.]
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脚注
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基金
国家社会科学基金项目“满汉关系与清代小说研究”[项目编号：13BZW080]阶段性成果
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