本文旨在以保罗·利科《意识形态与乌托邦讲座》一书为研讨平台，分析利科如何细读马克思经典文本，提出“意识形态与乌托邦”的辩证法思想，并以此构成其叙述诗学的反思维度。叙述在赋予事件逻辑结构的同时，成为一种将对象合理、合法化的过程，从而“歪曲”了现实的本来面貌。但利科指出当表象成为绝对的“歪曲”之前，本身就是现实生活中人的物质活动和语言活动的一部分，一种“现实生活的语言”先于“歪曲”存在。乌托邦并非天然地属于意识形态，文学乌托邦具备一种“自反性结构”，我们以之重新审视在现存秩序中扮演的角色，乃至秩序本身，成为显现未来事件的希望。本文试图呈现利科如何在充分的“漫长迂回”（le long détour）中完成了对意识形态、乌托邦及其叙述中介的深度诠释，肯定了只要人是能想象、能书写、能叙述、能行动的主体，意识形态与乌托邦就存在更新和实践的可能性，这构成了对流行的意识形态、乌托邦终结论的有力回应。

This paper bases its discussion on Paul Ricoeur's Lectures on Ideology and Utopia and investigates how Ricoeur proposes his own dialectical conceptualization upon his own reading of Marx's classical texts and constructs his dimension of reflection in his poetics of narrative. Narrative, when bringing logic structure into events, becomes a process of rationalization or legitimization, and in this process the reality is distorted. Before it becomes absolute distortion, Ricoeur claims, the representation itself is one part of the materialistic and linguistic activities of a human person, a language of real life existed before distortion. When narrative links to such function, it tends to become a Utopia which stands out from reality. Utopia does not necessarily become part of ideology, and literary utopia has a structure of reflexivity, which leads to reexamination of our identity and our role in the existing order and to the possibility of reveal the future events. This paper tries to present how Ricoeur arrives at his interpretation of ideology, utopia and narrative meditation via the long detour, and affirms the possibility of renewal and practice in ideology and utopia as long as a human person attains the ability to imagine, write, narrate and act.