刘熙载重视人品与艺品的紧密关系,从整体上以人品喻指艺品,把人物的三品简括为艺术的三品,并区分了高下:元分品格最上,英杰品格次之,卑猥品格则不入流。本文从四个方面阐析了刘氏元分品格论的特质:其一,元分品格论植根于思孟心性说,体现了中国传统的“由人复天”、“天人合一”理念;其二,元分品格体现为既平凡又伟大的“常道”,饱含着中华文明以中道理性制约极端思维的精神;其三,元分品格在艺术上标举和而不同的“兼美”,体现着中和之美的精髓;其四,元分品格是“品居极上”的本色美,是“无思无为”理想化审美心境的自然流淌。
Abstract
Liu Xizai attaches great importance to the relationship between the character of the author and the quality of an artwork, and generally refers the former to the latter in a metaphoric way. He distinguished three levels of artistic value in artworks
and equated them to three kinds of author's character. The best character of an author is to keep the primary bound ("yuan
fen"), the talented ("ying jie") comes next, and the mean and banal ("bei wei") lies at the bottom. This paper analyzes the
characteristics of Liu's concept of "yuan fen" in four aspects. The first is rooted in Si-Meng School's Doctrine of Mind, reflecting the traditional Chinese philosophy of Heaven and mankind. The second is embodied in the Constant Way, which conveys the
spirit of moderating the extremities with the rationalism. The third is the appreciation of integrated beauties ("jian mei"), which
represents harmony between identity and difference. The fourth is that being the best has a beauty in itself and it is the natural expression of "non-doing" as the ideal aesthetic state of mind.
关键词
元分品格 /
由人复天 /
中道理性 /
中和之美 /
无思无为审美心境
{{custom_keyword}} /
Key words
the primary bound ("yuan fen") /
reflection of human in the heaven /
rationalism of moderation /
aesthetics of harmony /
aesthetic state of mind of non-doing and non-thinking
{{custom_keyword}} /
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
刘熙载:《刘熙载集》。上海:华东师范大学出版社,1993年。
[Liu, Xizai. The Collected Works of Liu Xizai. Shanghai: East China Normal University Press, 1993. ]
罗竹风:《汉语大词典》,第二卷。上海:汉语大词典出版社,1995年。
[Luo, Zhufeng. The Chinese Dictionary. Vol. 2. Shanghai: Chinese Dictionary Publishing House, 1995. ]
庞朴:《一分为三》。深圳:海天出版社,1995年。
[Pang, Pu. Dividing One into Three. Shenzhen: Hai Tian Publishing House, 1995. ]
——:“中庸评议”,《中国社会科学》 1(1981)。
[---. “On Moderate.” Social Sciences in China. 1 (1981). ]
朱熹:《四书章句集注》。上海:上海古籍出版社,1990年。
[Zhu, Xi. Annotations to the Four Books Chapters. Shanghai: Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1990. ]
司马迁:《二十五史·史记》。上海:上海古籍出版社,1986年。
[Sima, Qian. Historical Records. Shanghai: Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1986. ]
颜师古:《二十五史·前汉书》。上海:上海古籍出版社,1986年。
[Yan, Shigu. History of the Former Han. Shanghai: Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1986. ]
长孙无忌:《二十五史·隋书》。上海:上海古籍出版社,1986年。
[Zhangsun, Wuji. History of the Dynasty Sui. Shanghai: Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1986. ]
{{custom_fnGroup.title_cn}}
脚注
{{custom_fn.content}}