本文从古代文学（主要是诗词）的批评与创作中，梳理、辨析、论述俳谐的各种涵义。从其本原内涵到后代对俳谐赋予的多层涵义中可以看出，在俳谐诗词中，俳谐不仅指俳优传统中的戏谑娱乐和讽喻谲谏，俳谐还有通俗鄙俚之意，有时又被等同于回文、药名等杂体，而戏作诗词中有很多也可看作俳谐体。尤可注意的是，从杜甫《戏作俳谐体遣闷二首》等一些俳谐诗来看，俳谐并不只有通俗之作，也有文人用自嘲、反讽等手法写出的真情雅作。而俳谐的核心则是一种戏谑的姿态。
Abstract
This paper analyzes and delineates the different definitions of Paixie as a literary genre through examining the critical and creative works (mainly poetry) from ancient Chinese literature. Through tracing the original connotation of Paixie and examining the various definitions from later periods, the paper points out that paixie as a genre not only refers to the entertaining forms such as satires and parodies with high-brow and low-brow styles but also includes miscellaneous writing of varied forms and playful writings such as palindromes or names of herbs. From the works by such famous and refined poets as Du Fu, it can be inferred that paixie writing is not only meant to be popular and playful but also adopted for self-mockery and irony with refined taste and purpose.
关键词
俳谐 /
戏作 /
杂体 /
浅俗
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Key words
Paixie /
playful writing /
miscellaneous style /
vulgarity
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