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文艺理论研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 118-131.

• 古代文论与古代文学的理论研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

记录见闻:中国文言小说写作的原则与方法

罗宁   

  1. 西南交通大学人文学院
  • 出版日期:2018-09-25 发布日期:2018-11-28
  • 作者简介:罗宁,文学博士,西南交通大学人文学院教授,主要从事汉隋唐宋文学与文献研究。
  • 基金资助:
     

Records of what he saw and heard of: the Principle and Methods in the Composition of Classical Chinese Xiaoshuo

Luo Ning   

  1. the School of Humanities, Southwest Jiaotong University
  • Online:2018-09-25 Published:2018-11-28
  • About author:Luo Ning, Ph.D., is a professor at the School of Humanities, Southwest Jiaotong University. His research focuses on Chinese Literature from the Han to Song Dynasties.
  • Supported by:
     

摘要: 文言小说是中国古代小说的主体,是不同于白话小说和西方小说、现代小说的一个文类。文言小说写作的基本原则和主要方法是记录见闻,而不是创作和虚构。文言小说的记录见闻的特性,从古代目录学著作的论述中,从小说的命名和成书过程中,从文言小说的序跋及古代学者论述中,都有大量的、明确的表述。现代以来由于受到西方小说观念的影响,将虚构、叙事、人物等现代写作的要素和标准引入,以此审视中国古代小说,造成对文言小说的遮蔽和误解。回到中国古代固有的小说观念,尊重文言小说记录见闻这一事实,重新建设中国文言小说史,是大有可为的。

关键词: 中国文言小说, 记录, 见闻, 虚构

Abstract: Xiaoshuo (lit. petty discourse) in classical Chinese, the predominant genre of xiaoshuo in ancient China, is different from vernacular xiaoshuo and western novel. Its major principle and methods are accounts of what one saw or heard of rather than mere conception or fiction. This feature finds clear expression in elaborations on ancient works about bibliography, in the naming of xiaoshuo, in the preface or postscript of xiaoshuo, and in scholarly discussions of ancient China. In modern times, due to the influence of the Western conception of the novel, modern elements and strandards of writing such as fictionality, narrative and character are incorporated into the examination of ancient Chinese xiaoshuo, and therefore misunderstandings arise. It is important to return to the original concept of xiaoshuo and to respect the fact that xiaoshuo means accounts of what one saw and heard of so that the history of xiaoshuo in classical Chinese can be reconstructed.

Key words: classical Chinese xiaoshuo (petty discourse), record, account, fiction

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