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文艺理论研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 99-107.

• 古代文论与古代文学的理论研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

心学、政治、文学的张力与融摄——李绂文学观的维度建构

常威   

  1. 南京大学文学院
  • 出版日期:2018-01-25 发布日期:2018-10-19
  • 作者简介:常威,南京大学文学院博士生,中国古代文学专业,主要从事阳明学与明清文章学研究。

A Fusion of Yangmingism, Politics and Literature: the Constructional Dimensions of Li Fu's Literary Ideas

Chang Wei   

  1. the School of Liberal Arts, Nanjing University
  • Online:2018-01-25 Published:2018-10-19
  • About author:Chang Wei is a Ph.D. student at the School of Liberal Arts, Nanjing University. His research interests are Yangmingism and the article studies in the Ming and Qing dynasties.

摘要: 由于深厚的阳明学修养,“平生志伊尹”的政治期许,以及因地域因缘从而对江西欧、曾、王等古文大家及其重文主张的追慕,兼之丰富的文学实践以及深刻的文章体悟,李绂的文学观融摄于心学、政治与文学之间。李绂在阳明学扫清成圣障碍及尤重躬行有得的思想支撑下,打通了道统与治统的隔阂,并由此建构了“文——道——治”的话语体系,实现了文道与治道的融合。其“立言须兼德与功求之”的思想反映了作为政治家的李绂在文论上的事功倾向。其“诗文,心之所发见”的立论则带上了鲜明的心学色彩。受阳明学考据传统及清初考证学的影响,李绂多以考据入文章。作为心学家的李绂在文章体认与创作上,反而突破了理学与心学的范囿,进而站在文学本位思考文章内容、体式、技巧诸方面的问题。

关键词: 李绂, 文学观, 心学, 政治, 文学, 维度

Abstract: Li Fu's ( 1675-1750) literary ideas are a fusion of Yangmingism, politics and literature, due to his profound research on Yangmingism, his political expectation for being a man like Yi Yin, his appreciation for Ouyang Xiu, Zeng Gong, Wang Anshi, a group of people born in Jiangxi who put great importance on literature, his rich literary experience and profound insights in his articles. Based on Yangmingism, he cleared the barriers to be a saint and got the ideas which could turn thoughts into action. He then bridged the traditional gap between "Confucian orthodoxy" and "dominion", constructed the discourse system about "literature-Confucian orthodoxy-state governance", and integrated all of them. The idea that "theoretical contributions must be accompanied by noble virtues and practical achievements" reflected his political endeavor. The theory that "poetry and articles come from the mind" was characterized by Yangmingism. Because of the influence of the traditional textology from Yangmingism and the revival of textology in the early Qing dynasty, he put textology into articles. As a Noe-Confucian, Li Fu broke through the limitation of Cheng-Zhu Confucian School and Yangmingism, and considered content, style, writing techniques of articles from a literary perspective.

Key words: Li Fu, literary ideas, Yangmingism, politics, literature, dimensions