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文艺理论研究

文艺理论研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 196-204.

• 专题：文学人类学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

迷狂与书写：对“天书”母题的再反思

李永平   

  1. 陕西师范大学文学院
  • 出版日期:2013-09-25 发布日期:2014-01-22
  • 作者简介:李永平，文学博士，历史学博士后，陕西师范大学文学院教授，文学人类学研究中心主任，主要从事文学人类学、俗文学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    本文是国家社科基金项目[编号：12AZD090]和中央高校专项资金资助项目的阶段性成果[编号：09SZZD03]

Ecstasy and Writing: A Reflection on the Cultural Motif of the Celestial Script

Li Yongping   

  1. the School of Liberal Arts and the Center for Literary Anthropology in Shaanxi Normal University
  • Online:2013-09-25 Published:2014-01-22
  • About author:Li Yongping, Ph.D., is a professor at the School of Liberal Arts and the director of Center for Literary Anthropology in Shaanxi Normal University (Xi'an 710062, China), with research interests in literary anthropology and vernacular literature.

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摘要： 《柏拉图文艺对话集》中，苏格拉底一再强调，大诗人们都是受到灵感的神的代言人。在西化的、现代性的学科遮蔽的背景下，我们无法真正理解故事和抒情诗的功能。“天书”成为重要的文化现象。从文学人类学的视角，“天书”母题的背后蕴含着源远流长的神谕传统。萨满文化中通神、占卜、禳灾、招魂、疗救的信仰仪式体系是“天书”母题产生的根源。次生口头传统时代，神授天书正好迎合了下层民众对超常知识、能力、寿命的渴求需要，其背后隐藏着沟通天人，知识神授的远古人类口传文化的神圣大传统，这才是这种集体无意识的神话叙述的观念源头。

关键词: “天书”, 母题, 神谕, 萨满文化, 次生口头传统

Abstract: In Plato's Dialogues, Socrates repeatedly claimed that poets were the inspired spokesmen of the god. In the Westernized context of modern disciplines, the function of story and lyrics becomes opaque and hard to understand. The so-called celestial script is an important cultural phenomenon, and from the perspective of literary anthropology, the motif of celestial script implies a long-standing tradition of oracle. The motif originates from the shaman ritual system of deity-communication, divination, disaster-prevention, evocation, and healing. The celestial script bestowed by deities and the secondary oral cultural tradition fulfill the need of the primitive people for extraordinary knowledge, ability and longevity, and behind the need is the sacred tradition of oral culture in the antiquity manifested as the ideas of communication between the human and the heaven and knowledge granted by deities. The sacred tradition, the paper concludes, is the origin of the collective unconscious narrative of mythology.

Key words: celestial script, motif, oracle, Shaman culture, secondary oral cultural tradition