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文艺理论研究

文艺理论研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 191-200.

• 西方文论 • 上一篇    下一篇

灵晕消逝与辩证意象的生成——以本雅明“技术”观念为核心的讨论

常培杰   

  1. 中国人民大学文学院
  • 出版日期:2020-05-25 发布日期:2020-06-09
  • 作者简介:常培杰，文学博士，中国人民大学文学院讲师，主要从事现代西方美学理论、艺术理论和文学理论研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中国人民大学科学研究基金（中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助）项目“本雅明‘辩证意象’观念研究”［项目编号： 19XNA010］

The Disappearance of Aura and the Formation of Dialectical Images: A Discussion Focused on Walter Benjamin's Concept of Technology

Chang Peijie   

  1. School of Liberal Arts at Renmin University of China
  • Online:2020-05-25 Published:2020-06-09
  • About author:Chang Peijie, Ph. D., is a lecturer in the School of Liberal Arts at Renmin University of China, with research focus on modern Western aesthetic theory, art theory and literary theory.
  • Supported by:
    the Fundamental Research Funds of Renmin University of China(19XNA010)

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摘要： 从“灵晕”到“辩证意象”，是瓦尔特·本雅明美学思想转变的关键线索。本雅明反复辨析了“灵晕”的内涵、发生条件和消逝原因。就艺术问题而言，灵晕的发生与“美的表象”、迷醉体验和事物“原真性”关系密切。其关键在于上述要素保证了审美主体与审美对象之间的“本质距离”。然而，机械复制技术恰恰破坏了上述条件，导致灵晕消逝。不过，随着他的思想基础逐渐从犹太神学转向马克思主义，本雅明对灵晕的态度亦从惋惜其消逝，转变为批判其意识形态特征。他进而探讨了“后灵晕艺术”的可能形态，即以辩证唯物主义为认识论基础的“辩证意象”。

关键词: 本雅明, 灵晕, 技术, 辩证意象, 感知媒介, 艺术拜物教

Abstract: The transition from "aura" to "dialectical image" is a key to trace the trajectory of Walter Benjamin's aesthetic thoughts. Benjamin repeatedly specified the connotations, the prerequisites for emergence and the reasons for the disappearance of "aura." As far as artistic problems are concerned, the appearance of aura is closely related to "the semblance of beauty", trance experience and authenticity of things, and the key to this is that the aforementioned factors could ensure the essential distance between the aesthetic subject and the aesthetic object. However, these conditions do not stand under mechanical reproduction technology and aura is destroyed and disappears. As Benjamin's standpoint of thinking gradually shifted from Jewish theology to Marxism, his attitude towards aura also changed from that of lamenting its disappearance to that of criticizing its ideological characteristics. To further on this, he began to explore the possible form of "post-aura art", i.e., the dialectical image epistemologically based on dialectical materialism.

Key words: Walter Benjamin, aura, technology, dialectical image, the medium of perception, art fetishism