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文艺理论研究

• 专题:古代诗歌的叙事传统研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

从诗史名实说到叙事传统

董乃斌   

  1. 上海大学
  • 出版日期:2019-01-25 发布日期:2019-04-29
  • 作者简介:董乃斌,文学博士,上海大学终身教授,现主要从事唐代文学及中国文学史学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    本文系2015年度国家社科基金重大项目“中国诗歌叙事传统研究”[项目编号:15ZDB067]阶段性成果。

From the Name and Essence of Poetic History to the Narrative Tradition

Dong Naibin   

  1. Shanghai University
  • Online:2019-01-25 Published:2019-04-29
  • About author:Dong Naibin is a tenured professor at Shanghai University. His academic interests include Tang dynasty literature and Chinese literary history.
  • Supported by:
    Major Project of National Social Science Fund (15ZDB067)

摘要: 世上万事万物皆有名实问题,“诗史”亦不例外。“诗史”之实,早在人文初始之时已然存在,其名亦非《本事诗》作者孟棨所创。孜孜如古人解经般索解孟棨所言之“本义”,不过是在已有理解之上再添一种理解而已。而在此前后,人们种种解说,或用“诗史”之名进行文学批评,或根本反对这个概念,皆各有其理由和贡献,扬此抑彼,实无必要。今日除梳理“诗史”漫长的理解史外,立足于中国文学史,特别是诗歌史之丰富实践,以研求“诗史”可能之义涵,试作现代的解释,并将诗史言说与叙事传统联系起来考察,从而较为深入地把握中国诗歌叙事传统的主要特征和内涵,也较清晰地勾勒出叙事与抒情两大传统对中国文学史的贯穿,以破解“抒情传统唯一”的执念,或亦不失为古典文学研究一个可行的方面。“诗史”字面简单而含义繁复,毕竟只是对一类好诗的评价,而好诗并非仅限于此。对“诗史”概念虽理解不一,大体其实相近,唯或赞或否,则应人各自便,无需强求一致。

关键词: 诗史, 名实, 叙事, 叙事传统

Abstract: Everything in this world has the problem of name and essence, and "the poetic history" is no exception. The truth of poetic history has already existed since the beginning of humanity, and its name is not created by Meng Qi, the author of "Poetry of Anecdotes". Like the ancients, who attempted to explain the original meaning of Meng Qi's words, we just add one more understanding on the previous interpretations. Before or after this, people have a variety of explanations, either conducting literary criticism in the name of "poetic history" or holding fundamental opposition to this concept. Both have their own reasons and also make contributions to literary studies, so it may not be necessary to favor one or the other. Today, besides teasing out the interpretative history of "poetic history",we should base ourselves on the history of Chinese literature, especially on the abundant practical experiences of poetic history. And then scholars can aim to explore its possible implications, interpreting it in a modern way. Besides, we need to link the poetic narrative history with the narrative tradition to make a thorough understanding of the main features and connotations of the narrative tradition of Chinese poetry. Then it clearly outlines the penetration of the two great traditions of narration and lyric in the history of Chinese literature, aiming to decipher the dominate notion of "lyric tradition". It can be regarded as a feasible aspect to continue classical literature research. The "poetic history" is a simple concept but has complicated implications: it is only an evaluation metric for great poetry, but not the only standard. Although we have multiple understandings of the "poetic history", it is generally similar to each other, whether other scholars agree or not, we should make our judgement without insisting on consistency.

Key words: poetic history, the concept and reality, narrative, narrative tradition