克林思·布鲁克斯的小说理论与批评实践

文艺理论研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 43-54.

克林思·布鲁克斯的小说理论与批评实践

付飞亮，曹顺庆

西南大学文学院；四川大学

出版日期:2013-09-25 发布日期:2014-01-22
作者简介:付飞亮，文学博士，西南大学文学院讲师。主要从事比较文学与世界文学研究。曹顺庆，教育部长江学者，四川大学杰出教授，北京师范大学教授，主要从事比较文学研究。

Cleanth Brooks's Theory of Fiction and His Critical Practice

Fu Feiliang, Cao Shunqing

the School of Literature, Southwest University; the College of Literature and Journalism, Sichuan University

Online:2013-09-25 Published:2014-01-22
About author:Fu Feiliang, Ph.D., is a lecturer at the School of Literature, Southwest University (Chongqing 400715, China) with research interests in comparative literature and world literature. Cao Shunqing is a Changjiang Scholar in China, distinguished professor at the College of Literature and Journalism，Sichuan University (Chengdu 610064, China), and professor in Beijing Normal University (Beijing 100875, China), with academic expertise in comparative literature.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 克林思·布鲁克斯在小说批评上取得了卓越的成就，尤其是在对威廉·福克纳小说的研究上。布鲁克斯认为小说批评与诗歌、戏剧批评之间没有本质性的区别。在小说批评中，布鲁克斯仍然保持对反讽、悖论与象征等文字技巧的强调，并认为小说是一个有机体，应该独立于社会生活与政治宣传，反对浪漫的感伤主义。当然，布鲁克斯在小说批评中也注重对历史与地理环境的考虑，注重作者的生活经历与他的全部作品对特定小说的影响，重视读者的作用，这反映了他对新批评的非历史主义与反对生平传记式批评的文本中心主义的一种修订。最后，从三个方面对布鲁克斯的小说批评进行了反思：主张对小说进行细读，从逻辑上来讲存在困难；其批评模式最终可能会与哲学纠缠不清；为了应对“一元论”的指责，布鲁克斯可能走向了另一个极端，即文化批评。

关键词: 新批评, 克林思·布鲁克斯, 小说批评, 一元论, 反思

Abstract: Cleanth Brooks' critical study on fiction, especially on William Faulkner's, is a remarkable achievement. Brooks claimed that there is no essential difference between fiction criticism, poetry criticism and drama criticism. In fiction criticism, Brooks' emphases remain on textual skills such as irony, paradox and symbol, taking fiction as an organism that should be independent of the social life and political propaganda, and opposing Romantic sentimentalism. Nevertheless, Brooks also lay great weight to the historical context and geographical environment of an author, emphasizing the influence of an author's life experience and entire body of works on a particular fiction, and attaching importance to the role of readers. This shows Brooks' revision on the text centrism of the New Criticism. The paper reflects Brooks' fiction criticism from three aspects: the logical difficulty in close reading of a fiction, the entanglement between the critical pattern and philosophy, and his potential slipping into cultural criticism as his effort to fend the accusation of monism.

Key words: The New Criticism, Cleanth Brooks, fiction criticism, monism, reflection

付飞亮, 曹顺庆. 克林思·布鲁克斯的小说理论与批评实践[J]. 文艺理论研究, 2013, 33(5): 43-54.

Fu Feiliang, Cao Shunqing. Cleanth Brooks's Theory of Fiction and His Critical Practice[J]. Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art, 2013, 33(5): 43-54.

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