清代科场诗文的共通性探论

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 八股文与试律诗同为清代科举考试的主要内容,虽然在体式上有着较大差异,但在依题演绎的正变、形式对称的讲究与“起承转合”的结构方法等方面有着较强的共通性。这种共通性本来源自一般文章、诗歌的一些通行之法,在被固化、强化甚至机械化后,让人误为仅是八股文法或试律诗法而遭厌弃,实际上它们有着普遍的价值和意义,理应放在整个古代文学史与文学批评史的长链上加以观照。

关键词: 八股文, 试律诗, 内在机制, 价值重估, 文学批评史

Abstract: The Imperial Examinations in the Qing Dynasty encompassed two primary components: the Eight-part Essay and examination poems.. While they exhibited distinct styles and forms, they shared significant commonalities including the interplay between constancy and variation within deductive themes, an emphasis on formal symmetry, and a structural approach involving “opening, development, change and conclusion”. These shared characteristics, initially rooted in broader literary and poetic practice, became solidified, reinforced and at times mechanized. Regrettably, these commonalities were erroneously disregarded as being exclusive to either the Eight-Part Essay method or examination poems. In reality, they posses universal value and significance necessitating a fresh examination and reevaluation within the context of ancient literature and literary criticism.

Key words: Eight-Part Essay, examination poems, internal mechanism, revaluation of values, history of literary criticism

陈圣争. 清代科场诗文的共通性探论[J]. 文艺理论研究, 2023, 43(5): 62-71.

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清代科场诗文的共通性探论

On the Common Traits of Poetry and Prose in the Qing Dynasty's Imperial Examination

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