近代以降,中国在西方殖民主义的扩张与冲击下经历国家性质和领土属性的双重转型,其核心任务之一是将中国古代宗藩朝贡体系下的疆域观念和归属关系嬗变为近现代主权观念下的领土归属关系。这个过程使“边疆”成为20世纪中国政治生活里的重点和难点,也推动了三四十年代文艺工作者对西北边疆的表达和探索。本文从“风景的建构”这个核心概念出发,讨论当时各种边疆再现策略和叙述模式如何推动西北作为民族国家架构下中国疆域的一个部分“被接受”。与此同时,文章也揭示出西北风景内部具有高度的异质性。这些差异既反映了文化实践和风景生产参与到复杂的政治、社会和思想资源的继承和重组之中,也反映了当时中国民族主义内部的不同潜流与话语竞争。
Abstract
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, China experienced significant transformations in its state structure and territorial attributes, largely due to the expansion and impact of Western colonialism. One of its primary challenges was to make the shift from the territorial conceptualizations and allegiance patterns of the ancient Chinese tributary system to those of modern sovereignty. This evolution underscored the significance of the ‘frontier,’ which became a focal point and a challenge in 20th-century Chinese political life. It also motivated literary and artistic exploration of the Northwest frontier during the 1930s and 1940s. This article begins its discussion from the essential concept of “construction of landscape.” It examines how various strategies and narrative modes of frontier representation during that period facilitated the integration of the Northwest into China's territory within the nation-state framework. Concurrently, it sheds light on the remarkable heterogeneity within the Northwest landscape. These disparities not only reflect the intricate interplay of political, social, and intellectual dynamics in cultural practices and landscape production but also underscore the diverse undercurrents and discursive competitions within Chinese nationalism at the time.
关键词
西北 /
边疆 /
风景 /
民族主义
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Key words
the Northwest /
frontier /
landscape /
nationalism
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脚注
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基金
国家社科基金艺术学一般项目“20世纪中国摄影实践中‘民族形象’的建构与变迁”[项目编号:23BF093]和广东省哲学社会科学一般项目“近代西方中国图像学中的华南海疆研究”[项目编号:GD20CYS23]的阶段性成果。
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