从重写文明史到重写文学史

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在当今国际格局下,如何建立中国话语与自主知识体系是学界面临的一大难题。长久以来,文明话语中都存在西方中心主义的倾向,文明观输出的话语权长期掌握在西方学者手中,文明史对中国的叙述常常存在歪曲、偏离史实的问题。西方话语霸权具体体现在各学科内部,使许多人文社会学科都面临“失语”的窘境。针对这一现象,提出“重写文明史”与“重写文学史”的号召。从文明交流与互鉴的史实出发,尊重文明多元化与异质性,以实事求是的态度重写文明史,重塑文明观,进而重写学科史,重写文学史。通过反思学科话语问题,发掘传统文化中独特的话语言说方式,重新建构学科话语。用中国话语发出中国声音,共同建设文明新话语是重写文明史、重写学科史的要旨所在。

关键词: 文明史, 学科史, 文学史, 话语霸权, 中国话语

Abstract: In today's international context, how to establish a Chinese discourse and an autonomous knowledge system is a major challenge facing the academic community. Historically, discourses on civilization have been marred by a prevailing Western-centric bias, with Western scholars largely monopolizing the authority over narratives of civilizational progress. Such narratives frequently misrepresent or deviate from the historical realities of China. The hegemony of Western discourse permeates various disciplines, leading to a phenomenon of “aphasia” within the humanities and social sciences. In response to this phenomenon, a call was made to “rewrite the history of civilization” and “rewrite the history of disciplines.” This approach begins with the factual history of civilizational exchanges and mutual enlightenment, advocating for a respect for the diversity and heterogeneity of civilizations. It involves rewriting the history of civilization with an adherence to factual accuracy, reshaping our understanding of civilizations, and consequently, revising the history of academic disciplines and literature. By critically reflecting on disciplinary discourses and unearthing unique modes of expression within traditional cultures, the aim is to reconstruct academic discourse. Embracing Chinese discourse to amplify Chinese perspectives and collaboratively forge a new civilizational discourse underscores the essence of rewriting civilizational and disciplinary histories.

Key words: history of civilization, history of disciplines, history of literature, hegemony of discourse, Chinese discourse

曹顺庆, 郭霄旸. 从重写文明史到重写文学史[J]. 文艺理论研究, 2024, 44(3): 101-108.

Cao Shunqing, Guo Xiaoyang. From Rewriting Civilizational History to Rewriting Literary History[J]. Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art, 2024, 44(3): 101-108.

哈罗德·布鲁姆:《西方正典:伟大作家和不朽作品》,江宁康译。南京:译林出版社,2005年。
[Bloom, Harold. The Western Canon: The Books and Schools of the Ages. Trans. Jiang Ningkang. Nanjing: Yilin Press, 2005.]
曹顺庆童真:《重谈“重写中国文学史”》,《西南民族大学学报(人文社科版)》1(2004):43—46。
[Cao, Shunqing and Tong Zhen. “Rethinking ‘Rewriting the History of Chinese Literature’” Journal of Southwest Minzu University (Humanities & Social Sciences) 1(2004):4346.]
曹顺庆:《唯科学主义与中国文论的失语》,《当代文坛》4(2011):4—8。
[Cao, Shunqing. “Scientism and the Aphasia of Chinese Literary Theory.” Contemporary Literary Criticism 4(2011):48.]
柯文:《在中国发现历史:中国中心观在美国的兴起》,林同奇译。北京:中华书局,1989年。
[Cohen, Paul. Discovering History in China: American Historical Writing on the Recent Chinese Past. Trans. Lin Tongqi. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 1989.]
西奥·德汉:《重写世界文明史／世界文学史:由编撰〈文学:世界史〉引发的思考》,余佳临译,《四川大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》1(2023):18—23。
[D'haen, Theo. “Rewriting History of World Civilizations/Literature: Reflections from Editing Literature: A World History.” Trans. Yu Jialin. Journal of Sichuan University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition) 1(2023):1823.]
方铭王锺陵王卓君:《西化与化西——中国文学史研究是否应该回归中国文学本位立场》,《山西大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》5(2015):1—18。
[Fang, Ming, et al. “Westernization and the Reverse: Should the Study of Chinese Literary History Return to a China-centric Standpoint of Literature?” Journal of Shanxi University (Philosophy ＆ Social Sciences) 5(2015):118.]
福泽谕吉:《文明论概略》,北京编译社译。北京:商务印书馆,1992年。
[Fukuzawa, Yukichi. Introduction to the Theory of Civilization. Trans. Central Compilation & Translation Press. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 1992.]
约翰·沃尔夫冈·冯·歌德:《歌德论世界文学》,查明建译,《中国比较文学》2(2010):1—8。
[Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von. “Goethe on World Literature.” Trans. Zha Mingjian. Comparative Literature in China 2(2010):18.]
杰克·古迪:《偷窃历史》,张正萍译。杭州:浙江大学出版社,2009年。
[Goody, Jack. The Theft of History. Trans. Zhang Zhengping. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press, 2009.]
——:《西方中的东方》,沈毅译。杭州:浙江大学出版社,2012年。
[---. The East in the West. Trans. Shen Yi. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press, 2012.]
格奥尔格·威廉·弗里德里希·黑格尔:《历史哲学》,王造时译。上海:上海书店出版社,2001年。
[Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich. The Philosophy of History. Trans. Wang Zaoshi. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House, 2001.]
Jenco, Leigh. Changing Referents: Learning Across Space and Time in China and the West. New York: Oxford University Press, 2015.
梁启超:《论中国学术思想变迁之大势》。上海:上海古籍出版社,2001年。
[Liang, Qichao. On the General Trend of the Change of Chinese Academic Thought. Shanghai: Shanghai Chinese Classics Publishing House, 2001.]
鲁迅:《魏晋风度及其他·上》。上海:上海古籍出版社,2019年。
[Lu Xun. Wei-Jin Style Et Cetera. Vol.1. Shanghai: Shanghai Chinese Classics Publishing House, 2019.]
唐小兵编:《再解读:大众文艺与意识形态》。北京:北京大学出版社,2007年。
[Tang, Xiaobin, ed. Re-reading: The People's Literature and Art Movement and Its Ideology. Beijing: Peking University Press, 2007.]
杨明照:《增订文心雕龙校注》。北京:中华书局,2000年。
[Yang, Mingzhao. Expanded Notes on The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 2000.]
袁行霈:《中国文学史第2卷》。北京:高等教育出版社,2014年。
[Yuan, Xingpei. History of Chinese Literature. Vol.II. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2014.]

[1]	刘松来, 高翠元. 论林庚文学史书写的审美特征 [J]. 文艺理论研究, 2023, 43(4): 31-39.
[2]	冯伟. 文学史视域下晚清通俗小说的接受困境与价值转向——以狭邪小说为例 [J]. 文艺理论研究, 2023, 43(1): 171-179.
[3]	代亮. 归有光寿序经典地位的确立及其文学史意义 [J]. 文艺理论研究, 2022, 42(4): 144-152.
[4]	池雷鸣. 华侨外语写作与文学史“再”重写 [J]. 文艺理论研究, 2022, 42(2): 54-64.
[5]	李敏. 民国初年初等学校教育的“文学”纠葛 [J]. 文艺理论研究, 2022, 42(1): 96-105.
[6]	郑雄. 八股文为“明代之胜”说的多维建构与瓦解 [J]. 文艺理论研究, 2021, 41(2): 146-157.
[7]	竺洪波, 王新鑫. 域外汉学中的《西游记》叙述 [J]. 文艺理论研究, 2021, 41(1): 15-25.
[8]	张英进. 作为华语电影史中变异/另类档案的电影海报 [J]. 文艺理论研究, 2019, 39(6): 33-45.
[9]	常恒畅. 《国朝文汇》与20世纪初文学史观之关系 [J]. 文艺理论研究, 2019, 39(2): 126-133.
[10]	肖锦龙. 重写和重写学——后结构主义文学史研究方法探论 [J]. 文艺理论研究, 2016, 36(6): 184-192.
[11]	张英进. 50年来海外中国现代文学的英文研究 [J]. 文艺理论研究, 2016, 36(4): 39-60.
[12]	李松. 哈佛版《新美国文学史》的后现代主义文学史观及其反思 [J]. 文艺理论研究, 2016, 36(1): 201-208.
[13]	唐芸芸. 文学史视域中的翁方纲宋诗学 [J]. 文艺理论研究, 2015, 35(5): 158-166.
[14]	陈雪虎. 试析清末民初“文学研究法”的架构 [J]. 文艺理论研究, 2015, 35(3): 84-94.
[15]	黄轶. 八九十年代以来现代文学的价值重建和文学史重构与海外研究 [J]. 文艺理论研究, 2014, 34(4): 27-36.

从重写文明史到重写文学史

From Rewriting Civilizational History to Rewriting Literary History

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价