解构“认知陌生化”:新怪谭小说中的偶然性与逃逸线

文艺理论研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 184-193.

解构“认知陌生化”:新怪谭小说中的偶然性与逃逸线

吕广钊

出版日期:2023-09-25 发布日期:2023-11-15
作者简介:吕广钊,文学博士,复旦大学外国语言文学学院讲师,主要从事科幻文学与当代英国文学研究。通讯地址:上海市杨浦区邯郸路220号复旦大学外国语言文学学院,200433。电子邮箱:glyu@fudan.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金青年项目“英美后人类科幻诗学‘物转向’研究”[项目编号:23CWW013]的阶段性成果。

Deconstructing “Cognitive Estrangement”: Contingency and the Line of Flight in New Weird Fiction

Online:2023-09-25 Published:2023-11-15
About author:Lyu Guangzhao, Ph.D., is a lecturer in the College of Foreign Languages and Literature, Fudan University. His research interests include science fiction studies and contemporary British literature. Address: College of Foreign Languages and Literature, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China. Email: glyu@fudan.edu.cn.
Supported by:
Youth Project of National Social Sciences Fund (23CWW013).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 自20世纪70年代起,达克·苏文提出的“认知陌生化”概念一直都是科幻研究的出发点与理论核心。该理论认为,科幻文学的“陌生化”叙事需要以实证主义的“认知性”为基础,为科幻中出现的新奇性找到符合理性认知的解释。但本文认为,“认知性”并不具备苏文眼中的客观性和中立性,它只是得到权威背书的知识,其本身有着强烈的政治属性。随后,本文借助“新怪谭”这一新兴文类,质疑了“认知性”背后的意识形态偏见,通过探讨梅亚苏的思辨实在论与德勒兹的生命主义哲学的不同之处,提出一种能够坦然接受无秩序状态、超越主客二元论辖域的后人文主义认识论。

关键词: 科幻, 认知陌生化, 达克·苏文, 新怪谭, 梅亚苏, 德勒兹

Abstract: Since the 1970s, Darko Suvin's “cognitive estrangement” has been widely considered the starting point of science fiction (sf) studies. It argues that the “estranged” narratives of sf need to be validated by empirical, positivist “cognition”, thereby justifying the novum and the sense of newness in sf stories. This article, however, denies the “neutral” status of cognition, as it can only produce the politicised knowledge endorsed by a certain authority. Through a close interrogation of an emerging literary genre termed “the New Weird” — one that combines both science fictional and fantastic characteristics and thus questions the ideological bias of cognition — I will draw upon Quentin Meillassoux's speculative materialism and Gilles Deleuze's conceptualisation of becoming and nomad, proposing a post-humanist epistemology that opens itself to contingency and may transcend any territory constrained by binary logics.

Key words: science fiction, cognitive estrangement, Darko Suvin, New Weird, Quentin Meillassoux, Gilles Deleuze

吕广钊. 解构“认知陌生化”:新怪谭小说中的偶然性与逃逸线[J]. 文艺理论研究, 2023, 43(5): 184-193.

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