后马克思主义的审美意识形态论

文艺理论研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 134-142.

后马克思主义的审美意识形态论

范永康, 刘锋杰

绍兴文理学院人文学院；苏州大学文学院

出版日期:2017-01-25 发布日期:2017-11-11
作者简介:范永康，文学博士，绍兴文理学院人文学院教授，主要从事文艺学与政治学的跨学科研究。刘锋杰，苏州大学文学院教授、博士生导师，主要从事文学基本理论和中国现代文论史研究。
基金资助:
本文为教育部规划项目“后马克思主义文论研究”[项目编号：13YJA751011]、国家社科基金项目“文学政治学的历史形态与当代创新研究”[项目编号：13BZW002]的阶段性成果。

The Aesthetic Ideology of Post-Marxism

Fan Yongkang, Liu Fengjie

the College of Humanities, Shaoxing University（Shaoxing 312000, China）; the School of Humanities at Soochow University (Suzhou 215123, China)

Online:2017-01-25 Published:2017-11-11
About author:Fan Yongkang is a professor at the College of Humanities, Shaoxing University（Shaoxing 312000, China）. His major area of academic specialty is interdisciplinary studies of literature and politics. Liu Fengjie is a professor at the School of Humanities at Soochow University (Suzhou 215123, China). His academic interests cover literary theory and the history of modern Chinese literary theory.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文旨在分析后马克思主义审美意识形态理论的哲学基础、理论内涵、理论特征和理论价值。国内影响颇大的审美意识形态理论隶属于传统马克思主义的“问题式”，当代西方的审美意识形态理论则归属于后马克思主义的“问题式”，前者的哲学依据是历史唯物主义，后者的是文化唯物主义和语言建构主义；前者的理论路径是“反映论”和“观念论”，后者的是“建构论”和“实践论”。后马克思主义视域下的审美意识形态不再停留于“形而上”的语言、文化、符号层面，而与“形而下”的物质系统、社会现实融为一体，寄生于“机构/制度”（institutions）之内，从而具备了物质载体和实践效果。与传统马克思主义相比，后马克思主义忽略了审美意识形态的审美功能，更加强调其社会功能，即政治干预功能、文化治理功能和社会区隔功能。后马克思主义审美意识形态论的哲学基础有偏离历史唯物主义之弊，但启示我们建构“日常生活审美意识形态”理论的重要性和必要性。

关键词: 审美意识形态, 后马克思主义, “机构/制度”

Abstract: This paper aims to analyze the philosophical basis, theoretical connotation and theoretical characteristics of the theory of post-Marxist aesthetic ideology. The influential theory about aesthetic ideology in China belongs to the "problematic" of traditional Marxism, but the contemporary Western aesthetic ideology belongs to the 'problematic' of post-Marxism. The former is based on historical materialism, and the latter on cultural materialism and language constructivism. From the perspective of post-Marxism, aesthetic ideology no longer stays at the ‘metaphysical’ linguistic, cultural and symbolic levels; it is integrated with "physical" material systems and social reality and becomes parasitic within the institutions, thus having material support and practical effects. Compared with traditional Marxism, post-Marxism ignores the aesthetic function of aesthetic ideology, but emphasizes its social function, namely, the function of political interference, cultural governance and social distinctions. The philosophical foundation for the theory of post-Marxist aesthetic ideology has the risks of diverging from historical materialism, but it conveys the significance and necessity of constructing the theory of 'aesthetic ideology of everyday life'.

Key words: aesthetic ideology, post-Marxism, "institutions"

范永康, 刘锋杰. 后马克思主义的审美意识形态论[J]. 文艺理论研究, 2017, 37(1): 134-142.

Fan Yongkang, Liu Fengjie. The Aesthetic Ideology of Post-Marxism[J]. Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art, 2017, 37(1): 134-142.

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(1)菲利普·戈德斯坦将阿尔都塞和福柯确定为后马克思主义思潮的肇始者,其反人文主义、反总体性以及建构论思想明显地与正统马克思主义区分开来,他认为,后马克思主义或后结构主义马克思主义的理论是对这二者思想的重写或修改。本文借鉴了这一观点。See Philip Goldstein,Post-Marxist Theory:an Introduction.State University of New York Press,2005.p.2.

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