阿甘本文论视野中的诗与哲学之争

文艺理论研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 129-140.

阿甘本文论视野中的诗与哲学之争

蒋洪生

北京大学

出版日期:2017-03-25 发布日期:2017-11-11
作者简介:蒋洪生，美国杜克大学文学博士，北京大学中文系副教授，主要从事比较文学、批评理论与东亚思想史研究。
基金资助:
本文系教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金资助项目的阶段性成果。

The Quarrel between Philosophy and Poetry in Agamben's Literary Horizon

Jiang Hongsheng

Peking University (Beijing 100000, China)

Online:2017-03-25 Published:2017-11-11
About author:Jiang Hongsheng earned his doctorate in Literature at Duke University, U.S.A. Now he is an associate professor in comparative literature at Peking University (Beijing 100000, China). His main research focuses on comparative literature, critical theory, and the inter-East-Asian studies.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 长期以来，诗和哲学的分离在西方文化中被视为一种自然的事情，但阿甘本认为两者的分裂造成了严重的问题，是西方文化精神分裂症的表现：主体无法“完全拥有知识之客体”，无法经验人性的完整性，从而导致了自我和文化的异化。为了处理诗与哲学交恶的问题，阿甘本致力于倡导一种融批评与创造为一体的创造性批评，以此来重新恢复西方文化中碎片化语词的统一性。汇聚包括诗和哲学在内的所有人文科学，促成一种没有特定研究客体的“跨学科的学科”，在阿甘本心中，是来临中的一代人的重要文化任务。

关键词: 阿甘本, 诗与哲学之分, 精神分裂症, 界阈, 创造性批评

Abstract: The split between philosophy and poetry has long been accepted as natural in Western culture. Agamben maintains that this scission actually engendered serious problems. It is a manifestation of the schizophrenic character of Western culture: the subject cannot fully possess the object of knowledge and experience the wholeness of humanity, leading to alienation of the self and culture. In addressing the old enmity between philosophy and poetry, Agmaben proposes a kind of creative criticism, which joins together criticism and creation, to recover the unity of the fragmented word in Western culture. In Agamben's view, the development of an "interdisciplinary discipline" without a specific object, in which all the human sciences converge, is the cultural task of the coming generation.

Key words: Agamben, split between philosophy and poetry, schizophrenia, threshold, creative criticism

蒋洪生. 阿甘本文论视野中的诗与哲学之争[J]. 文艺理论研究, 2017, 37(2): 129-140.

Jiang Hongsheng. The Quarrel between Philosophy and Poetry in Agamben's Literary Horizon[J]. Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art, 2017, 37(2): 129-140.

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(1)2014年夏我在南京大学第一届海峡两岸社会批判理论研讨会上宣读过本文主要内容,在此我对南大哲学系邀请我参会表示衷心的感谢。
(2)Aby Warburg(1866—1929年),德国文化史大家,有名言“上帝在细节中”。本雅明、阿甘本、贡布里希、帕诺夫斯基等受其影响颇深。
(3)Sirventes,传统欧西坦抒情诗一种,得名于sirvent即雇佣军,意为自雇佣军角度撰写的诗歌,其旨或刺或美。
(4)在阿甘本的用法中,“potentiality”与“actuality”及“impotentiality”关联。本人将这三个词分别译成“潜在性”“实在性”和“非潜在性”。王立秋等人将“potentiality”译为“潜能”,亦可。
(5)本文不将阿甘本就诗和哲学的关系所作的神学思考作为考察重点,相关研究可以参考Colby Dickinson的论述。Colby Dickinson是研究阿甘本神学思想的专家,有专著《阿甘本与神学》(Agamben and Theology,T.&T.Clark,2011)。他的"The Poetic Atheology of Giorgio Agamben Defining the Scission Between Poetry and Philosophy"一文,从神学/非神学的角度深入考察了阿甘本对诗与哲学之争的思考。
(6)意大利原文为forse(也许),《诗的终结》英文译者Heller-Roazen译为"rather",即“毋宁”,不确。
(7)阿甘本在指称“幼儿”“幼年”的时候,选用的不是意大利语中常用的词汇“bambino”,而是“infante”,因为“infante”指涉了拉丁语的“infans”,意指“不说话的”(unspeaking)(The Idea of Prose 48f),即指涉一种前语言的状态。
(8)Bartleby,美国作家麦尔维尔小说《文书巴特尔比》的主人公,阿甘本对其有专论“Bartleby,or On Contingency”收入阿甘本的Potentialities:Collected Essays(Stanford:Stanford University Press,1999).

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