文学本质论观念的历史嬗变及其反思

文艺理论研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 18-26.

文学本质论观念的历史嬗变及其反思

赖大仁

江西师范大学当代形态文艺学中心

出版日期:2017-01-25 发布日期:2017-11-11
作者简介:赖大仁，文学博士，江西师范大学文学院、当代形态文艺学中心教授，主要从事当代文学理论与文学批评研究。
基金资助:
本文为国家社科基金重点项目“当代文学理论观念的嬗变与创新研究”[项目编号：12AZW004]的阶段性成果。

Historical Evolution and Reflection on the Concept "the Essence of Literature"

Lai Daren

School of Literature & Research Center for Contemporary Forms of Literature and Art, Jiangxi Normal University (Nanchang 330022, China)

Online:2017-01-25 Published:2017-11-11
About author:Lai Daren is a professor in School of Literature & Research Center for Contemporary Forms of Literature and Art, Jiangxi Normal University (Nanchang 330022, China), with research interest in contemporary literary theory and literary criticism.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 文学本质论是一个现代文学理论问题，在中国文论现代转型发展进程中，文学本质论建构得到了高度重视，成为现代文论中的核心问题。文学本质论观念是一个历史建构与嬗变过程，从20世纪初到改革开放时期，文学本质论观念随着时代变革和文学发展不断变化，以适应不同时代的要求。新时期以来也是如此，从社会意识形态论到审美意识形态论，从审美论到人的文学论，乃至在反本质主义语境下对文学本质问题的重新探讨，反映了文学本质论观念的历史嬗变进程。对文学本质论问题及其观念嬗变的反思，一方面可从中获得应有的经验教训或历史启示，另一方面也促使我们思考当代文论所面临的困境和问题，克服反本质主义论争带来的消极影响和自我迷失的困惑，进行当代人应有的理论探究与建构。

关键词: 文学本质论, 历史嬗变, 理论反思, 理论建构, 实然性与应然性

Abstract: The essence of literature is an issue of modern literary theory. In the process of Chinese literary theory's modern transformation and development, the theorization of the essence of literature was highlighted, and has become the key issue in modern literary theory. This concept has adapted itself several times through historical construction and evolution, from the beginning of the twentieth century to the period of reform and opening up, in accordance with the change of time and the development of literature. The new period also saw the evolution process of this concept under different critical lenses: social and aesthetic ideology theories, aesthetic and human literary theories, even re-discussion in the context of anti-essentialism. A reflection on the essence of literature and its evolution gives us some lessons and insights, as well as leads us to ponder over difficulties and problems of contemporary literary theory. In this regard, we could overcome the negative influence brought by the anti-essentialism controversy and loss of the self, so as to conduct a rational theoretical exploration and construction.

Key words: literary essence, historical evolution, theoretical reflection, theory construction, actuality and necessity

赖大仁. 文学本质论观念的历史嬗变及其反思[J]. 文艺理论研究, 2017, 37(1): 18-26.

Lai Daren. Historical Evolution and Reflection on the Concept "the Essence of Literature"[J]. Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art, 2017, 37(1): 18-26.

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