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文艺理论研究

文艺理论研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 110-119.

• 专题：比较文学与外国文学 • 上一篇    下一篇

比较文学平行研究概念之谜

姚孟泽   

  1. 南开大学文学院

  • 出版日期:2022-05-25 发布日期:2022-06-27
  • 作者简介:姚孟泽，文学博士，南开大学文学院讲师，主要从事比较文学学术史与中国现当代知识社会史研究。
  • 基金资助:

    本文为天津市2020年度哲学社会科学规划课题青年项目“中国比较文学重要话语研究”[项目编号TJZWQN20-001]、中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“中国比较文学关键概念研究”［项目编号：63192126］、南开大学文科发展基金资助项目“知识社会学视阈下的1940—1970年代美国比较文学学术史研究”［项目编号：ZB21BZ0331］的阶段性成果。

The Myth of the Concept of Parallel Studies in Comparative Literature

Yao Mengze   

  1. the School of Literature at Nankai Univesity

  • Online:2022-05-25 Published:2022-06-27
  • About author:Yao Mengze, Ph. D., is a lecturer in the School of Literature at Nankai Univesity. Yao’s research focuses on the academic history of comparative literature and the social history of knowledge production in modern China.
  • Supported by:

    This article is supported by the Philosophy and Social Sciences Funds of Tianjin (TJZWQN20-001), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (63192126) and the Humanities Development Funds of Nankai University (ZB21BZ0331).

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摘要：

在中国的比较文学知识中，平行研究被认为是美国学派于20世纪中叶提出的标志性方法，指对毫无事实关系的文学现象的比较研究。然而，这是一种起源于台湾、成型于大陆的误认——那些被视为美国学派代表的学者并没有支撑上述说法的表述，其实践也无法被统一地概括为平行研究。作为一个专门的方法论概念，“平行研究”一词首先出现在20世纪70年代中后期的台湾，并且有两种不同的含义：一是指经过简化和误读的美国学派方法，二是指区别于美国学派实践的东西/中西文学比较研究。到了20世纪80年代的中国大陆，这两种含义被揉和到了一起，平行研究也终于被固定到美国学派身上。不过，平行研究虽然不能被用来指称美国学派的观念与实践，但它却准确地指向了中国比较文学的学科起源和知识构造，也深刻地影响了中国学者自身的比较文学实践。

关键词:

text-align:justify, "> 平行研究； , 美国学派； , 中国比较文学； , 台湾比较文学

Abstract:

For most Chinese comparatists, parallel studies is a methodology put forward by the allegedly American School in the mid-20th century, which compares literary phenomena of little factual connection. However, this is a misunderstanding that originated in Taiwan and found its way to the mainland.  The term “parallel studies” was coined by comparatists in Taiwan in the 1970s, which has never been accepted by representative American comparatists and their practice has not supported the theorization. The claim of parallel studies, on the one hand, is an oversimplification and misunderstanding of the methodology practiced by American comparatists, and on the other hand, refers to the comparative studies between the East and the West or between China and the West. Such understanding or misunderstanding of “parallel studies” was connected to the American school in the 1980s in mainland China. As a formation of knowledge, “parallel studies” demonstrates how Chinese scholars approach comparative literature, and while parallel studies may not define American methodology, it points to how Chinese comparative studies may be defined.

Key words: parallel studies, American school, Chinese comparative literature, Taiwan comparative literature