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文艺理论研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 1-10.

• 中国特色社会主义话语体系研究 •    下一篇

释“神韵”:钱锺书的诗贵清远说——古典今释的地缘语境

夏中义   

  1. 浙江越秀外国语学院、上海交通大学人文学院

  • 出版日期:2022-05-25 发布日期:2022-06-26
  • 作者简介:夏中义,浙江越秀外国语学院教授、上海交通大学人文学院教授,主要从事中国现当代思想史案研究。

An Interpretation of Shenyun(Spirit and Charm): Qian Zhongshu’s Theory on “Clarity and Profundity” from the Perspective of Geographical Context of Modern Interpretation of Classics

Xia Zhongyi   

  1. Zhejiang Yuexiu University and Shanghai Jiao Tong University

  • Online:2022-05-25 Published:2022-06-26
  • About author:Xia Zhongyi is a professor at Zhejiang Yuexiu University and Shanghai Jiao Tong University. His research interest includes modern and contemporary intellectual history of China.

摘要:

王士禛(字渔洋)以标举“神韵”而名载批评史。然历代(含当代)批评史家对其“神韵”说实分“青年版”“晚年版”两种,是万年撰《池北偶谈》才将“神韵”定位于“诗贵清远”,堪称“破题”一案,则语焉未详。至于为何说钱锺书才是系统阐明“神韵”,以期奠定“诗贵清远”说的现代解人,则当代学贤几近无感。本文旨在“双肩挑”。一方面,针对渔洋“神韵”说,既澄清其“青年版”不如“晚年版”,是因为前者将“李杜”与“王孟”硬提成一个“神”字,系逻辑参照紊乱所致;又追认其“晚年版”优于“青年版”,是因为后者终将“神韵”落到“清远为尚”,郭绍虞在这方面比张少康更具识鉴。但另一方面,晚年渔洋虽将“神韵”定位于“清远为尚”,然又不说明何谓“清”,何谓“远”,何谓“清而不远”抑或“远而不清”,又何谓“清远兼圆”。自清代迄今,惟钱锺书对“神韵”给出了无愧为“现代解人”的诗学答卷。钱锺书以释“神韵”为平台重构“诗贵清远”之现代学说,是依次从“源头(谢赫《古画品录》)”“拐点(借南宗画理来‘以画论诗’)”“机制(范温‘余味即韵’)”三层次来纵深营造,所有的诗学建材皆取自千年国故,然其落成的诗学建筑(内涵)却极具现代理论之严整浑成。

关键词:

古典今释; , 神韵; , 钱锺书; , 诗贵清远说; , 地缘语境

Abstract:

Wang Shizhen was famous in the history of criticism for the term shenyun. Later, this term was interpreted in Casual Remarks from North of the Pond as “poetry is valued for its clarity and profundity”, which was further clarified by Qian Zhongshu. Based on shenyun, Qian Zhongshu reconstructed the theory -- “poetry is valued for its clarity and profundity” -- on three levels: the source (Xie He’s Record of Appreciating Ancient Paintings), the turning point (using the southern painting theory to “discuss poetry through painting”), and the mechanism (Fan Wen’s “aftertaste is charm”). All of Qian’s source materials are taken from cultural heritage across millennia, but his poetic framework and connotation is highly integrated as a modern theory.

Key words: interpretation of classics; shenyun (spirit and charm), Qian Zhongshu, “poetry is valued for its clarity and profundity”; geographical context