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文艺理论研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 61-70.

• 现当代文论与批评 • 上一篇    下一篇

梁启超美学思想研究的三条路径及其反思

莫先武   

  1. 南京晓庄学院文学院
  • 出版日期:2016-09-25 发布日期:2017-09-30
  • 作者简介:莫先武,文学博士,南京晓庄学院文学院副教授,主要研究方向为中国现当代文论与美学原理。
  • 基金资助:
    本文为国家社会科学基金项目《文学政治学的历史形态与当代创新研究》[13BZW002],教育部人文社科规划项目《后马克思主义文论研究》[13YJA751011],南京晓庄学院社科项目《梁启超政治美学思想研究》[2015NXY16]的阶段性成果。

A Critique of the Three Approaches to Studying Liang Qichao's Aesthetic Thoughts

Mo Xianwu   

  1. the School of Chinese Language and Literature, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University (Nanjing 211171, China)
  • Online:2016-09-25 Published:2017-09-30
  • About author:Mo Xianwu, Ph.D., is an associate professor in the School of Chinese Language and Literature, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University (Nanjing 211171, China). His main research interest is contemporary Chinese literary theory and aesthetics.

摘要: 梁启超美学思想研究,主要经历了三个阶段,并形成三种研究思路与模式:解放前后以蔡尚思为代表的政治批评、新时期以李泽厚为代表的启蒙批评、新世纪来以金雅等为代表的审美批评。无论是政治批评、启蒙批评还是审美批评,虽然对待政治态度不同,但思维方式一致:都持政治与审美二元分离论,即将政治与审美看作两个独立领域,只不过对两者关系体认不同,政治批评认为审美依附于政治,启蒙批评将政治与审美进行疏离,审美批评持政治与审美二元对立论。其实,政治与审美不仅有分离或对立关系,在美好生活的想象方面存在着内在一致性,有着二元融合的基础与现实。梁启超的美学思想,正是建立在政治与审美二元融合思维基础之上;他创构的美学,实质上是政治与审美二元融合的政治美学。政治与审美的二元分离视角,并不能真正把握梁启超政治美学区别于纯美学的独特性。

关键词: 梁启超, 政治批评, 启蒙批评, 审美批评, 政治美学

Abstract: There are three academic approaches to Liang Qichao's aesthetic thoughts: political criticism of Cai Shangsi around 1949, enlightenment criticism of Li Zehou in the new period, and aesthetic criticism of Jin Ya in this century. In spite of their varying attitudes towards politics, they all endorse the division of politics and aesthetics. The difference is that political criticism sees aesthetics attached to politics, enlightenment criticism distances aesthetics from politics, and aesthetic criticism sets aesthetics against politics. In fact, the relationship between politics and aesthetics is not merely one of separation or antithesis, but also one of consistency in terms of the envisioning of a better life. Liang Qichao's aesthetic thoughts are based on the fusion of politics and aesthetics. The approaches based on politics-aesthetics division cannot do justice to the unique nature of Liang Qichao’s political aesthetics.

Key words: Liang Qichao, political criticism, enlightenment criticism, aesthetic criticism, political aesthetics