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文艺理论研究

文艺理论研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 164-170.

• 西方文论研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

建构论及其不满？——“科学大战”的哲学起源

冯庆   

  1. 中国人民大学文学院
  • 出版日期:2016-09-25 发布日期:2017-09-30
  • 作者简介:冯庆，中国人民大学文学院博士生，文艺学专业，主要研究文艺理论与思想史。
  • 基金资助:
    本文是国家社科基金重大项目“当代西方前沿文论研究”[项目编号：12901-412121-14050]的阶段性成果。

Constructivism and Its Discontents?: the Philosophical Origin of "Science Wars"

Feng Qing   

  1. the School of Liberal Arts, Renmin University of China (Beijing 100872, China)
  • Online:2016-09-25 Published:2017-09-30
  • About author:Feng Qing is a doctoral student at the School of Liberal Arts, Renmin University of China (Beijing 100872, China). His research interests cover literary theory and history of ideas.

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摘要： 当代西方人文学界倾向于将科学“真理”理解为人为建构的“意见”。通过对“索卡尔事件”中后现代人文学者和科学家展开“科学大战”的原因的揭示，可以发现这种反科学主义的真实针对目标——以笛卡尔哲学为基础的现代科学方法。正是由于接受了这种方法，西方现代科学带有浓重的实用性特征，科学主体所追求的不再是绝对的“真理”，而是一定语境和观察范围内的“确定性”。作为这种现代科学建构论理论基础的“语言转向”及其衍生出的一系列文学或文化理论事实上是对这种现代科学文化的批判性回应。但是，“语言转向”同时也吸收了现代科学方法的原则。现代科学与人文批判理论具备启蒙哲学的同源性。

关键词: 建构论, 科学大战, 启蒙哲学, 语言转向, 批判理论

Abstract: Contemporary humanists tend to consider scientific truths as artificially constructed opinions. Once the causes for the "Science Wars" between postmodern humanists and scientists are revealed, one will realize that the real target of anti-scientism is the modern scientific approach based on Cartesianism. It is because of the acceptation of this approach that modern Western sciences have a visible character of pragmatism and that what is to be pursued in sciences are specific and casual certainties instead of absolute truths. "The linguistic turn", as the foundation of modern constructivism and the beginning of literary and cultural theories, is actually a critical response to this modern scientific culture. However, the latter is also a resource of the former. Modern sciences and critical theories are therefore proved to be derived from the Enlightenment philosophy.

Key words: Constructivism, science wars, Enlightenment philosophy, the linguistic turn, critical theory