Abstract: The literary and artistic institutions are one of the most important ways for the Communist Party of China (CPC) to build cultural leadership. As an important achievement in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context, their construction has undergone a process from “taking the Soviet Union as a teacher” to independent exploration. During the periods of revolution, construction, reform and opening up, and the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the CPC has explored and built a series of literary and artistic institutions, including those of conference, organization and production, with the aim of building cultural leadership. The institution of literary and artistic conferences has laid down the basic principles and direction of the Party's ideological guidance on literary and art. The organizing institution has ensured the unity of the Party and the mobilization of the workers of literature and art, and strengthened the centripetal force of the circles of literature and art. The productive institution has cultivated and promoted the core socialist values under the leadership of the Party. Over the past century, based on its understanding of the nature and function of literature and art in different historical periods, the CPC has made timely adjustments to its leadership and management methods for literature and art, and has constantly promoted the modernization of its leadership capacity and system. Through a series of literary and artistic system-building activities, the Party has gradually established and consolidated its cultural leadership, enriched and developed Chinese Marxist literary theory, and perfected and deepened the system of socialist institutions with Chinese characteristics.

Key words: The Communist Party of China, literary and art institution, cultural leadership