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文艺理论研究

• 古代文论与古代文学的理论研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

《水浒传》“农民起义”说、“逼上梁山”说献疑——基于英雄人物身份、职业及上山类型的统计分析

刘召明   

  1. 山东财经大学文学与新闻传播学院
  • 出版日期:2017-11-25 发布日期:2017-10-18
  • 作者简介:刘召明,文学博士,山东财经大学文学与新闻传播学院教授,主要研究中国古代小说、戏曲。

A Query about the "Peasant Uprising" and "Driven to Join the Liangshan Rebels" Hypotheses: An Analysis of the Identities and Occupations of the Heroes and Their Uprising Causes in Water Margin

Liu Zhaoming   

  1. the School of Literature and Journalism, Shandong University of Finance and Economics
  • Online:2017-11-25 Published:2017-10-18
  • About author:Liu Zhaoming, Ph.D., is a professor in the School of Literature and Journalism, Shandong University of Finance and Economics (Shandong 250014, China). His academic interests include ancient Chinese fiction and drama.

摘要: 《水浒传》主题与叙事研究中, “农民起义”说与“逼上梁山”说虽时遭质疑,但在现今主要文学史著作、大众普及读本及中学语文教材中仍然定于一尊,其地位不曾动摇。然据笔者统计,《水浒传》108位英雄中仅有11人是农民 (“大农业”角度),而且全书真正被官府逼上梁山的只有9人。之所以长久以来有《水浒传》108人“被逼上梁山”、举行“农民起义”的误读,其原因有三:“逼上梁山”说所体现的革命精神、反抗精神与中国现代无产阶级革命运动具有深度的共通性;“逼上梁山”说的意识形态化与1943年末新编历史剧《逼上梁山》的成功编演有直接关系;1949年以来的《水浒传》研究与政治因素形成了难以拆解的密切联系。

关键词: 《水浒传》, 农民起义, 逼上梁山, 献疑

Abstract: In the thematic and narrative study of Water Margin, the "Peasant Uprising" and "Driven to Join the Liangshan Rebels" hypotheses, though frequently questioned, still hold unshakable position among works on Chinese Literary History, popular readings and even Chinese language textbooks for high school. In fact, statistics suggest that instead of all the 108 heroes in the story, only 11 were peasants from the angle of big agriculture, and only 9 were compelled to join the Liangshan Rebels. This thesis proposes three interpretations underlying such long-lasting misunderstanding: 1) "Peasant Uprising" and "Driven to Join the Liangshan Rebels" hypotheses greatly overlap with the modern Chinese proletarian revolution in the revolutionary and rebellious spirits; 2) the ideologicalization of the hypotheses has direct relation with the success of the historical drama Driven to Join the Liangshan Rebels adapted in 1943; and 3) studies on Water Margin since 1949 are interwoven with politics.

Key words: Water Margin, peasant uprising, driven to join the Liangshan Rebels, query