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文艺理论研究 ›› 2014, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 161-170.

• 现当代文论与批评 • 上一篇    下一篇

文学理论的范式转换与话语更新

姚文放   

  1. 扬州大学文学院
  • 出版日期:2014-09-25 发布日期:2014-10-09
  • 作者简介:姚文放,扬州大学文学院教授,博士生导师。
  • 基金资助:
    本文系国家社科基金重点项目“从形式主义到历史主义——晚近文学理论‘向外转’的深层机理探究”[项目编号:11AZW001]的阶段性成果。

The Paradigm Shift of Literary Theory and Its Discourse Renovation

Yao Wenfang   

  1. the School of Liberal Arts, Yangzhou University (Yangzhou 225001, China)
  • Online:2014-09-25 Published:2014-10-09
  • About author:Yao Wenfang is a professor in the School of Liberal Arts, Yangzhou University (Yangzhou 225001, China).

摘要: 晚近以来,文学理论话语发生了大面积的更新,文学理论话语的更新有两条途径,即“有循于旧名”与“有作于新名”;后者又分两种情况,即“旧瓶装新酒”与“概念大换班”。上述种种嬗变及其内在机理恰与库恩的“范式理论”和福柯的“话语理论”暗合。文学理论的话语更新乃是当今文学理论范式转换的必然要求,它总是体现着当时文学理论范式的规定性,包括时代的、社会的、经济的、地理的以及语言的等方面,它们赋予了如今文学理论话语以新的内容和形式。雷蒙·威廉斯的关键词研究堪称样本,他所采用的“历史语义学”一个要义是肯定词义的不断演变就是语言的本质,另一个要义是确认在这种词义演变背后社会历史语境和权力关系的决定性作用。

关键词: 文学理论, 范式转换, 话语更新, 历史语义学, 关键词研究

Abstract: The literary theory discourse has undergone extensive innovation in recent decades in two main ways: using the existent concepts and inventing new concepts. When inventing new concepts, two methods are seen to be reinvesting existent concepts with new meaning and changing the meaning of the existent concepts. These transformation mechanisms are corresponding to Kuhn's theorization of paradigm and Foucault's theorization of discourse. The discourse innovation is required for the paradigm shift in literary theory, and it embodies the prescriptive features of the literary theory paradigm such as the age, society, economy, geography, and language, giving new content and form to the discourse of literary theory. One of the representative studies may be Raymond Williams' work in Keywords, in which he adopted the historical semantic method to affirm the constant evolution of word meaning as the essence of language and to investigate the determining function of the socio-historical context of and power relation behind the evolution.

Key words: literary theory, paradigm shift, historical semantics, keywords research