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文艺理论研究 ›› 2014, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 146-153.

• 西方文论与美学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

论现代性视域下自然美在西方美学中的边缘化

周泽东   

  1. 湖南师范大学文学院
  • 出版日期:2014-09-25 发布日期:2014-10-09
  • 作者简介:周泽东,文学博士,讲师,湖南师范大学文学院教师,主要从事西方文艺学和美学的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    本文是湖南省教育厅一般项目[项目编号:12C0210]的阶段性成果。

On the Marginalization of Natural Beauty in the Western Aesthetics under the Context of Modernity

Zhou Zedong   

  1. the College of Liberal Arts, Hunan Normal University (Changsha 410081, China)
  • Online:2014-09-25 Published:2014-10-09
  • About author:Zhou Zedong, Ph.D., is a lecturer in the College of Liberal Arts, Hunan Normal University (Changsha 410081, China), with research focus on Western art theory and aesthetics.

摘要: 本文旨在通过美学史的回顾指出自然美在西方美学中的边缘化现状,并在现代性视域下分析自然美边缘化的原因。自然美自近代以来在西方美学中一直处于边缘化的位置,这表现为美学以艺术为主要研究对象而较少提及自然美。自然美的边缘化与现代性有着深刻的关联。现代性的哲学基础即为以主体为中心的理性化建构。启蒙理性对主体的张扬在启蒙时代反对上帝权威具有非常重要的意义,但随着它的成熟发展尤其向工具理性转化后,逐渐演变为具有强烈排他性和专制性的权力甚或暴力形式。审美现代性在社会结构中一方面救赎认知领域和道德实践领域的理性生活,但另一方面作为现代性规划中的分支也秉承了主体理性的排他性特点。当审美遵循以主体为中心的表现理性原则时,具有粗野物质性的自然作为他者而被排斥和抛弃,最终美学只与艺术相联。

关键词: 现代性, 审美现代性, 自然美, 边缘化

Abstract: This paper aims to analyze from the perspective of modernity the causes of the marginalization of natural beauty in modern and contemporary Western aesthetics, after pointing out that aesthetic studies have been increasingly focusing on arts instead of nature as its object. The marginalization of nature in aesthetics is closely related with modernity, as the philosophical foundation of modernity is the rationalization of subject-centeredness. The highlighting of the subjecthood under the Enlightenment rationality was significant in defying God's sovereignty, but with its development and its turn to instrumental rationality, Enlightenment rationality had gradually evolved into a form of power or even violence that is exclusive and even despotic. Aesthetic modernity, on one hand, redeems rational life in the field of cognition and moral practice in social structure, and, on the other hand, being a branch of modernity project, upholds the exclusive nature of the subject rationality. When beauty-appreciation follows the representational rationality centered on the subject, nature with its rough materiality is discarded as the other of reason, which leads to the close interrelation between aesthetics and arts.

Key words: modernity, aesthetic modernity, natural beauty, marginalization