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文艺理论研究 ›› 2014, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 108-118.

• 西方文论与美学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

文本社会学和文学语言的体制化

彼特·V. 齐马   

  1. 奥地利克拉根福大学
  • 出版日期:2014-09-25 发布日期:2014-10-09
  • 作者简介:彼特·V. 齐马是克拉根福大学总体文学和比较文学荣休教授,奥地利科学院通讯院士,欧洲科学院院士。

The Sociology of Texts and the Institutionalisation of Literary Languages

 Peter V. Zima   

  1. General and Comparative Literature at Klagenfurt University
  • Online:2014-09-25 Published:2014-10-09
  • About author:Peter V. Zima is professor emeritus of General and Comparative Literature at Klagenfurt University, corresponding member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, member of Academia Europaea.

摘要: 本文分三部分。第一部分基于俄国形式主义者的一个基本洞见,即文学文本通过语言和社会相联系,此洞见不见于传统的文学社会学。第二部分将文学文本定义为一种普遍性的语言实验,但同时又是特定历史时刻的社会模式。第三部分处理的问题是,作家或作家群如何通过文学宣言、集体性作品和实验文本实现各种文学语言的体制化。基本目的是要显示,一种文本社会学如何将“社会语言情境”、“社会方言”和“互文性”等关键概念和“体制”观念相结合。文学文本可以被建构为一种特别的社会语言情境的模式,它也向往着体制化:它自称为新的或合法的文本,是值得效仿的普遍性的语言实验。

关键词: 话语, 互文性, 体制, 社会语言情境, 社会方言

Abstract: This paper is divided into three parts. The first part is based on one of the basic insights of the Russian Formalists, namely that the literary text is linked to society by language, an insight that is absent from traditional sociologies of literature. The second part defines the literary text as a universal linguistic experiment that is at the same time a model of society at a particular historical moment. The third part deals with the question how literary languages are institutionalised by individual writers or groups of writers in manifestos, collective works and experimental texts. The basic aim is to show how a sociology of texts combines the key concepts of socio-linguistic situation, sociolect and intertextuality with the notion of institution. The literary text, which can be construed as a model of a particular socio-linguistic situation, aspires towards institutionalisation: it pretends to be the new or legitimate text and a universal experiment with language worth imitating.

Key words: discourse, intertextuality, institution, socio-linguistic situation, sociolect