《唐人试律说》：纪昀的试律诗学建构

文艺理论研究 ›› 2014, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 76-87.

• 古代文论与古代文学的理论研究 • 上一篇下一篇

《唐人试律说》：纪昀的试律诗学建构

彭国忠

华东师范大学中文系

出版日期:2014-09-25 发布日期:2014-10-09
作者简介:彭国忠，文学博士，华东师范大学中文系教授，研究方向为唐宋文学、词学和文献整理。
基金资助:
本文为国家社科项目“科举视域中的中国文学批评与理论”阶段性成果[项目编号：13BZW031]。

Ji Yun's Theoretical Construction in On the Tang-Dynasty Imperial Examination Poetry

Peng Guozhong

the Department of Chinese Language and Literature, East China Normal University (Shanghai 200062, China)

Online:2014-09-25 Published:2014-10-09
About author:Peng Guozhong, Ph.D., is a professor in the Department of Chinese Language and Literature, East China Normal University (Shanghai 200062, China), with main research interest in the Tang and Song Dynasty Literature, ci-poetry theory and literary resource studies.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 纪昀《唐人试律说》立足于唐代试律诗的评点，而又超越了唐代，超越了一般的评点，上升到试律诗学的理论建构。他对试律诗体进行恰当定位，既承认试律的独特性，又要求以诗歌法则对它加以规范，并从提高作诗者人格与气格、崇尚风骨健笔方面，提升试律体格；他每以感性生命实体为比喻，以毛发、血脉、筋骨、精神为核心范畴，视试律诗为一完备的有机生命体，从而构成其灌注生命精神的试律诗整体观：先全体后工拙；先立意后语句；追求血脉贯通，浑然无迹；在唐代试律的评点中，纪昀建立了各种“法”“诗法”，并从反面提出“非法”“非诗法”“非格”，进而总结出诸多诗病，但他又能超越具体之法，对那些变化自如、用法于无迹的试律诗歌极口称赞，崇尚“活法”、无法、自然超妙、神似与神妙。

关键词: 纪昀, 《唐人试律说》, 试律诗学, 诗体定位, 诗格

Abstract: In On the Tang-Dynasty Imperial Examination Poetry, Ji Yun's comments on the imperial examination poetry in the Tang Dynasty opened a scope wider than specific comments on specific time but became a theoretical study of the genre. For the imperial poetry, Ji Yun properly positioned its style, identifying its governing poetic rules along its unique features, while he also promoted its class and taste in terms of the poets’ personality and moral integrity as well as the sublimity of poetic language. He viewed the imperial examination poetry as an organism and made analogue between it and life by way of metaphors in hair, blood, bones, muscles, and spirit, thus constructed his theory of the genre. When commenting on the poems, Ji Yun elucidated different rules and methods of poetic composition, while also proposed non-rules, non-methods and non-style for the bad poems. However, it was his advocacy of poems with flexible use of the rules and non-rules, following nature and mastering the spirit instead of the skill that made his theorization of the imperial examination poetry worthwhile.

Key words: Ji Yun, On the Tang-Dynasty Imperial Examination Poetry, theoretical studies of the imperial examination poetry, positioning of poetry style, poetry order

彭国忠. 《唐人试律说》：纪昀的试律诗学建构[J]. 文艺理论研究, 2014, 34(5): 76-87.

Peng Guozhong. Ji Yun's Theoretical Construction in On the Tang-Dynasty Imperial Examination Poetry[J]. Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art, 2014, 34(5): 76-87.

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《唐人试律说》：纪昀的试律诗学建构

Ji Yun's Theoretical Construction in On the Tang-Dynasty Imperial Examination Poetry

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