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文艺理论研究

文艺理论研究 ›› 2014, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 91-102.

• 西方文论与美学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

萨德：理性的激爽与恶的实践理性

杨凯麟   

  1. 台北艺术大学艺术跨域研究所
  • 出版日期:2014-06-25 发布日期:2014-07-06
  • 作者简介:杨凯麟，巴黎第八大学哲学场域与转型研究所博士，台北艺术大学艺术跨域研究所教授。研究当代法国哲学、美学与文学评论。着有《分裂分析福柯》（2011，南京：南京大学）、《书写与影像－法国思想，在地实践》（即将出版）。译有《德勒兹论福柯》、《消失的美学》、《福柯考》（合译）等。

Sade, Jouissance of Reason and the Practical Reason of Evil

Yang Kailin   

  1. the Institute of Trans-disciplinary Arts at Taipei National University of the Arts
  • Online:2014-06-25 Published:2014-07-06
  • About author:Yang Kailin, Ph.D. from University of Paris VIII, is a professor in the Institute of Trans-disciplinary Arts at Taipei National University of the Arts, with research interests covering contemporary French philosophy, aesthetics, and literary theory. His publications include A Schizo-analysis of Michel Foucault (2011), Writing and Image:?The French Thought and the In-place Practice (forthcoming), and translations of Foucault (by Gilles Deleuze) and?Disparition de l'esthétique (by Paul Virilio), and co-translation of Michel Foucault: Que sais-je (by Frédéric Gros).

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摘要： 萨德（Marquis de Sade）书写的不可化约核心并不是色情而是观念，不是欲望而是真理，不是故事而是实践，本文讨论萨德如何由经验描叙到先验观念，由色情到色情学，或由虚构到真理。主要的问题是：萨德透过书写在语言平面上所从事的思想事业究竟是什么？萨德的作品中总是有一个必须而且仅能由实践证成的“恶的实践理性”，强势的界限经验与遽烈的辩证翻转形构了此实践的最主要特征。萨德书写的赌注并不是浪荡，不管其小说如何充满着淫秽、犯罪或渎神，其最终要迫显的仍是作为观念的恶。正是在此有书写的一切困难，以及由此困难所激生的各种语言的雄辩与思想的拗折。他的每一个故事都述说着某一变态者的特异存在，但这些存在在彰显其差异的同时也都共鸣着“单一与相同意义”，这便是萨德作品里的“恶的单义性”。

关键词: 萨德 , ； 界限； 恶； 单义性； 越界； 当代法国哲学

Abstract: The irreducible goal of Sade's writing does not concern erotism but the Idea, not desire but truth, not history but practice. This paper focuses on the passage from the empirical description to the transcendental idea, from pornography to pornology, or from fiction to truth. The central problem is: what, through his writing, is the enterprise of thought that Sade attempts to build? In Sade, the practical reason of evil is characterized by the experience of limit and the dialectical transformation. The stake of his writing does not, however, pertain to debauchery, crimes, profanation and so forth, as the most essential for Sade is the idea of evil — the idea from which all difficulties are derived, and through which the extraordinary movements of Sade's philosophy emerge. Sade's tales reveal the singular existence of the pervert, but each resonates "one and the only sense" of being by representing its own difference. This as such suggests the univocity of evil in Sade.

Key words: Marquis de Sade, limit, evil, univocity, transgression, French contemporary philosophy