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文艺理论研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 21-26.

• 西方文论与美学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

马克思与20世纪美学问题

汪正龙   

  1. 南京大学文学院
  • 出版日期:2013-09-25 发布日期:2014-01-22
  • 作者简介:汪正龙,南京大学文学院教授,主要研究方向为文学理论、西方文论、马克思主义文论。

Marx and the Problems of 20th Century Aesthetics

Wang Zhenglong   

  1. the School of Liberal Arts, Nanjing University
  • Online:2013-09-25 Published:2014-01-22
  • About author:Wang Zhenglong, Ph.D., is a professor at the School of Liberal Arts, Nanjing University (Nanjing 210023, China), with research interests in literary theory, Western literary theory including Marxist literary theory.

摘要: 马克思把关于美的本质探讨转向美的生成,转向艺术、社会、人生,转向感觉和感性的解放,对传统美学进行了形而上学颠倒,推动了20世纪美学的感性解放。马克思的政治经济学批判揭示了资本主义工业文明中的种种矛盾,确立了对资本主义社会文化的批判性维度和方法论,为20世纪美学的社会文化批判转向奠定了基础。20世纪美学对马克思美学思考的关系,呈现出继承、发挥、修正、质疑或挑战等诸种情况,并且常常多种情况交织在一起。无论对马克思本人美学思想的研究,还是马克思主义美学的建构,既是一个解释学问题,也是一个面对现实的再创造问题。

关键词: 马克思, 感性, 美学, 社会文化批判

Abstract: Marx's shift of focuses first from the essence of beauty to the formation of beauty and then from the relationship between art, society and life to the liberation feeling and sensibility undermines the traditional aesthetics from the metaphysical aspect and promotes the liberation of sensibility in the 20th-century aesthetics. Marx's political economy reveals various contradictions of capitalist industrial civilization and constructs a perspective of critique and methodology to analyze the capitalist culture, which establishes the foundation for the socio-cultural turn of criticism in the 20th-century aesthetics. The relations dealt with in Marx's aesthetics have been developed, revised, and questioned or challenged, which not only expands the research into Marx's aesthetic thoughts but also helps to establish Marxist aesthetics. The development has become an issue in both hermeneutical studies and the re-creation of reality.

Key words: Marx, sensibility, aesthetics, socio-cultural criticism