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文艺理论研究

文艺理论研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 156-164.

• 专题：法国理论研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

文学文体与他人的显现——兼论梅洛-庞蒂对于文学介入论的深化

贾玮   

  1. 重庆师范大学文学院
  • 出版日期:2022-02-22 发布日期:2022-02-22
  • 作者简介:贾玮，文学博士，重庆师范大学文学院教授，主要从事现象学文论与美学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    2020年国家社科基金重大项目“中国近代以来艺术中的审美话语理论研究”［项目编号： 20ZD28］、2019年国家社科基金重大项目“改革开放40年文学理论学术史研究与文献整理”［项目编号： 19ZDA262］和2021年重庆市高等教育教学改革研究重点项目“基于理论话语创新的新文科式教学实践改革研究”［项目编号： 212053］的阶段性成果

Literary Style and the Appearance of the Others: On Merleau-Ponty’s Development of the Theory of Literary Engagement

Jia Wei   

  1. College of Liberal Arts, Chongqing Normal University
  • Online:2022-02-22 Published:2022-02-22
  • About author:Jia Wei, Ph.D., is a professor in the College of Liberal Arts, Chongqing Normal University. His area of academic specialty includes phenomenological literary theory and aesthetics.
  • Supported by:
    the Major Project of the National Social Sciences Foundation of China (20ZD28), the Major Project of the National Social Sciences Foundation of China (19ZDA262), and the Key Project of the Education Reform Foundation of Chongqing Education Commission (212053)

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摘要： 作为双方人道主义争论的延续，萨特的“文学介入论”以“为了他人的自由”与海德格尔“诗论”对于“自我学”的维护，形成了尖锐的对立。但是以绝对自由为支点的“文学介入论”，最终还是将他人进行了同一化，因此未能真正走出唯我论，进而触及文学的处身于世性。梅洛-庞蒂将文体还原为“风格-制度”，不仅超越了萨特与海德格尔的文体之争，而且表明作为“身体-姿势”的延伸，“文学-文体”更为彻底地显现出自我言说的他人性，展示出“我在”的真实，即自我与他人的根本性联系，从而彻底突围我思对于自我的自足性假设。正是在此意义上，文学肩负起了对于他人的责任。

关键词: 文体, 文学介入论, 梅洛-庞蒂, 他人

Abstract: As a continuation of the debate over humanism, JeanPaul Sartre’s theory about literary engagement with the aim of “the freedom of the Others” is antithetical to the “egology”  of Martin Heidegger’s “Poetics” . In fact, the theory of literary engagement, which is based on absolute freedom, has ultimately homogenized the Others, so it cannot really transcend “solipsism” . Maurice MerleauPonty’s phenomenological reduction of literary style to the “stylesystem”  not only transcends the debate between Sartre and Heidegger, but also confirms that, as the extension of “body posture” , literary style reveals the otherness of one’s own speech action. This conclusion helps us understand the true fundamental connection between the self and the Others. In other words, literature takes the responsibility for the Others by breaking through the restriction of “I Think” .

Key words: style, the theory of literary engagement, Maurice MerleauPonty, the Others