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文艺理论研究

文艺理论研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 195-206.

• 专题：文化研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

论当代文化批评的四种形态

肖明华   

  1. 江西师范大学当代形态文艺学研究中心
  • 出版日期:2021-09-25 发布日期:2021-09-26
  • 作者简介:肖明华，文学博士，江西师范大学当代形态文艺学研究中心副教授，主要从事文学理论与美学研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家社科基金重大招标项目“马克思主义经典文艺思想中国化当代化研究”[项目编号：17ZDA269]的阶段性成果

On the Four Forms of Contemporary Cultural Criticism

Xiao  Minghua   

  1. Research Center of Contemporary Morphological Literature, Jiangxi Normal University
  • Online:2021-09-25 Published:2021-09-26
  • About author:Xiao Minghua, Ph.D., is an associate professor in the Research Center of Contemporary Morphological Literature, Jiangxi Normal University, with research interest in literary theory and aesthetics.
  • Supported by:
     the Major Project of the National Social Sciences Foundation (17ZDA269)

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摘要： 晚近三十年，由于社会文化语境的变迁，文艺学界出现了文化批评。其中有出于对大众文化兴起所产生的认知兴趣，于是兴发阐释批评；也有因知识分子身份变迁的焦虑，所以才激发了批评的冲动；还有为了突破学科化的规约，或知识人本有的公共诉求等不同原因所导致的文化批评实践。凡此种种所建构的文化批评，可以被分为“作为大众文艺批评的文化批评”“作为文化研究的文化批评”“作为‘文化讨论’的文化批评”和“作为文学批评的文化批评”等几个类别。考察诸种文化批评，我们可以发现，尽管它们之间有区别，比如在研究对象的选择上有不同侧重，在公共性的观念上有自觉和不自觉之分；但总体而言，它们都有跨学科的知识视野、面向当下社会文化发言的公共情怀以及维护知识生产的有效性的自觉等共同的习性。继承文化批评近三十年的传统，对于当前文艺、文化乃至社会的发展来说都是有价值的。

关键词:

文化批评, 形态, 公共性

Abstract:

In the last 30 years, cultural criticism emerged in studies of literature and art thanks to changes in social and cultural context. Some scholars are appealed to interpretative criticism as a result of epistemological interest in the rising popular culture. Some are stimulated to practice cultural criticism by the anxiety about the change of intellectual identity. Some are dedicated to cultural criticism in order to break through disciplinary restraints or to fulfil intellectuals’ role of responding to public concerns. These forms of cultural criticism can be respectively dubbed as “cultural criticism as popular literary criticism,” “cultural criticism as cultural research,” “cultural criticism as cultural debate” and “cultural criticism as literary criticism.” Despite their differences, for example, in research object and conceptualization of publicness—either on the conscious or unconscious level—these forms of cultural criticism share a vision of interdisciplinarity, a spirit of publicly addressing social-cultural issues, and an awareness of maintaining effective knowledge production. A continuation of the 30-year tradition of cultural criticism is significant to the development of literature, art, culture, and society.

Key words:

cultural criticism, form, publicness