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文艺理论研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 70-78.

• 西方文论研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

德里达论文学语言——以《罗米欧与朱丽叶》为范例

肖锦龙   

  1. 南京大学文学院
  • 出版日期:2023-03-05 发布日期:2023-03-10
  • 作者简介:肖锦龙,文学博士,南京大学文学院教授,主要从事西方当代文论和英国文学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    本文系国家社会科学基金后期项目“德里达文学批评的性质特点研究”[项目编号:z1FWB078]

Jacques Derrida on Literary Language: A Case Study of Romeo and Juliet

Xiao Jinlong   

  1. School of Liberal Arts, Nanjing University
  • Online:2023-03-05 Published:2023-03-10
  • About author:Xiao Jinlong, Ph.D., is a professor at the School of Liberal Arts, Nanjing University.
  • Supported by:
    This article is snpported by the National Social Sciences Foundation Post-funded Projects (z1FWB078).

摘要: 语言的实质是什么?文学语言是怎么样的?这是德里达前期理论探索的核心问题。1971年,他发表了名作《签名事件背景》,对英美言语行为理论进行了解构主义改造,提出了解构式的语言理论,明确指出,语言不是记录事物的工具,而是以言做事的行为,是述行性的。20世纪80年代中后期,他发表了两篇文学理论专论《格言错乱》和《“这种被称作文学的奇怪机制”:与德里达的访谈》,指出文学语言是一种独特的以言做事的行为方式。它的独特性在于:不是整体有序化的,而是分离零乱化的;不是统一一体化的,而是矛盾双重化的。德里达给这种独特的文学语言形式取了一个新名字叫“格言”。他借莎士比亚的《罗米欧与朱丽叶》对之作了极充分的论证说明。德里达的这种文学语言理论观念一举突破了千年传统,旷古烁今,很值得我们深入研讨开发。

关键词: 德里达; , 语言; , 言语行为理论; , 格言; , 《罗米欧与朱丽叶》

Abstract: The substance of language and the pattern of literary language are central to Jacques Derrida's early theoretical explorations. In 1971, Derrida published the masterpiece “Signature Event Context,” in which he proposed the deconstructive language theory by revisiting Anglo-American speech act theory. He pinpointed that language is not an instrument of recording, but a performative act of doing things. In the mid- and late 1980s he published “Aphorism Countertime” and “‘This Strange Institution Called Literature’: An Interview with Jacques Derrida”, indicating that the characteristics of literary language is fragmented and dualized. Derrida defined such a language as “aphorism” and elaborated on it with the example of Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. This is a great breakthrough in the theory of literary language.

Key words: Jacques Derrida; , language; , speech act theory; , aphorism; , Romeo and Juliet