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文艺理论研究

文艺理论研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 145-154.

• 专题：法国理论研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

加缪的永恒回归

菲利普·罗杰   

  1. 上海大学文学院
  • 出版日期:2022-02-22 发布日期:2022-02-22
  • 作者简介:郭真珍，哲学博士，主要从事法国当代哲学、法国认识论、科学哲学研究。 卓悦，文学博士，上海大学文学院特聘教授，主要从事法国现当代文学、思想史和文艺理论研究。

The Eternal Return of Camus

Philippe Roger   

  1. College of Liberal Arts, Shanghai University
  • Online:2022-02-22 Published:2022-02-22
  • About author:Philippe Roger, is Professor of French at the University of Virginia, EditorinChief of the French journal Critique. He has published extensively in the fields of eighteenthcentury French literature and culture, French American relations and twentiethcentury literary theory, including two prizewinning books that have been translated into Chinese: The American Enemy: A History of French AntiAmericanism (Beijing: Xinhua Publishing House, 2004), and Roland Barthes, roman (Beijing: China Renmin University Press, 2013). Translators: Guo Zhenzhen, Ph.D., is a researcher who specializes in contemporary French philosophy, French epistemology and philosophy of science.

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摘要： 阿尔贝·加缪在法国现当代文学史中的地位毋庸置疑，但他的哲学和政治思想却受到了几乎所有同时代法国哲学家的批评和排挤。然而，加缪对反抗与暴力、自由与正义之间关系的思考，却依然是当今法国知识界及时事辩论不断参考和讨论的对象。本文首先通过介绍加缪的个人经历、他与萨特在二战后的论战，以及在不同历史背景下对加缪思想的接受，来强调加缪在20世纪法国思想史上的特殊地位。随后，文章将重点讨论加缪在《反抗者》中提出的“正午思想”的两个核心要素： 自主原则与节制。“正午思想”如何通过对希腊文化的借鉴和对“地中海”的想象成为一种“思辨的地理”？这一融合了政治、伦理和美学的沉思对以德国历史哲学和辩证法为主导的现代欧洲思想又提出了怎样的批判？

关键词: 加缪, 萨特, 《反抗者》, 正午思想, 自主性, 辩证法

Abstract: Albert Camus’s achievements as a novelist and a playwright are uncontested in modern French literary history, but his political and ethical thought was illreceived and marginalized by almost all of his contemporaries. Camus's reflections on the relationship between revolt and violence, between liberty and justice, however, remain an object of reference and continue to generate debates in current affairs. This paper first emphasizes Camus’s unique place in twentiethcentury intellectual history by looking at Camus’s personal experience, the bitter dispute he had with Sartre after the Second World War, as well as the changing reception of Camus’s thought over time. The article will then focus on two core aspects of Camus' concept of the “pensée de midi”: “principle of autonomy” and “measure”. How does the recourse to ancient Greek culture and to the Mediterranean imagination transform the“ pensée de midi” into a “speculative geography” that rethinks critically the German philosophy of history and dialectics?

Key words: Albert Camus, JeanPaul Sartre;The Rebel, pensée de midi, autonomy, dialectics