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文艺理论研究

文艺理论研究 ›› 2014, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 129-136.

• 西方文论与美学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

涌动着的意义——论什克洛夫斯基文学思想中的时间性问题

刘彦顺   

  1. 浙江师范大学人文学院中文系
  • 出版日期:2014-09-25 发布日期:2014-10-09
  • 作者简介:刘彦顺，浙江师范大学人文学院中文系教授，博士，主要领域：文艺学、美学、现象学美学。
  • 基金资助:
    本文为教育部人文社科一般项目“西方美学中的时间性问题研究”[11YJA720017]阶段性成果，并受浙江省中青年学科带头人学术攀登计划专项资金资助。

On the Temporality in Shklovsky's Literary Thoughts

Liu Yanshun   

  1. the School of Humanities, Zhejiang Normal University (Jinhua 321004, China)
  • Online:2014-09-25 Published:2014-10-09
  • About author:Liu Yanshun, Ph.D., is a professor in the School of Humanities, Zhejiang Normal University (Jinhua 321004, China) with research interests in literary theory, aesthetics and phenomenological aesthetics.

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摘要： 什克洛夫斯基认为文学作品的意义在于为读者提供高质量的阅读快感，而且此阅读快感体现为涌动着、兴发着的时间性过程，因而他从“注意”的自动化及其被打破出发，针对文学作品语言与日常语言、科学语言之间的微妙差异，认为三种语言之间各有所长、各有所用，奠基于文学作品语言之上的阅读快感是直观的、新鲜的、新奇的，不仅强度被增强，而且长度被延长。在其论著中，对作品中“延缓”“阻滞”等的精彩分析都透露出他对文学阅读过程这一内时间意识构成的远见卓识，而且在晚年更提出文学作品意义存在的运动性思想，来反对结构主义（雅各布森）过于执著于对文学作品形式进行孤立分析的倾向。

关键词: 什克洛夫斯基, 时间性, 内时间意识, 陌生化

Abstract: Shklovsky maintained that literary works are for the high-quality reading pleasure, which is embodied in the moving and spontaneous time-course. He then started with the effect of reading on the automation and the breaking of "attention," trying to distinguish between literary language, everyday language and scientific language, and proclaimed that the pleasure of reading literary works is intuitive and fresh. When reading literary language, the pleasure of reading was not only strengthened in intensity but also prolonged in duration, and reading experience was understood as a process of the internal time consciousness. In his later years, he proposed the mobile state of the existence of the meaning of literary works, which was among the first to counter the overemphasis on the form of literary works among structuralists including Jakobson.

Key words: Viktor Shklovsky, temporality, the consciousness of internal time, defamiliarization