Questions about Studies of The Book of Songs in the Recent Century

Abstract

Abstract: Many scholars such as Hu Shi have made pioneering contributions to the researches of The Book of Songs in the recent century. They have found common ground regarding some issues about The Book of Songs: it is the earliest poetry collection in China; all the poems are songs; there are three types of poems, namely, feng, ya, and song. But there might be serious misunderstandings in these aspects, which need reinvestigation. We should express gratitude to predecessors who enlighten us and misguide us simultaneously. It is our destiny that we will be permanently on the road to truth of The Book of Songs.

Key words: The Book of Songs, poetry collection, songs; feng ya song

Xie Yufeng. Questions about Studies of The Book of Songs in the Recent Century[J]. Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art, 2017, 37(4): 89-99.

References

程大昌:《考古编》卷一,《文渊阁四库全书》影印本。上海:上海古籍出版社,2003年。[Cheng,Dachang.Ancient Studies.Vol.1.Shanghai:Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House,2003.]
杜预:《春秋经传集解》。上海:上海古籍出版社,1997年。[Du,Yu.Collected Explanations of The Chunqiu Classic and Commentary.Shanghai:Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House,1997.]
傅斯年:《诗经讲义稿》。北京:中国人民大学出版社,2004年。[Fu,Sinian.Lecture Notes of The Book of Songs.Beijing:China Renmin University Press,2004.]
顾颉刚等编:《古史辨》第三册。海口:海南出版社,2005年。[Gu,Jiegang,et al.,eds.Doubting Ancient History.Vol.3.Haikou:Hainan Publishing House,2005.]
何晏编集:《论语集解义疏》卷五,皇侃疏,影印《知不足斋丛书》本。上海:上海古书流通处,1921年。[He,Yan,and Huang Kan,eds.Critical Annotations to the Variorum Interpretations of The Analects.Vol.5.Shanghai:Shanghai Ancient Books Liutongchu Publishing House,1921.]
胡平生韩自强:《阜阳汉简诗经研究》。上海:上海古籍出版社,1988年。[Hu,Pingsheng,and Han Ziqiang.A Study of the Han Version of Shijing on Bamboo Slips from Fuyang.Shanghai:Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House,1988.]
胡适:《胡适文集》。北京:北京大学出版社,1998年。[Hu,Shi.Collected Works of Hu Shi.Beijing:Peking University Publishing House,1998.]
贾公彦:《仪礼疏》,《十三经注疏》本,阮元校刻。北京:中华书局,1980年。[Jia,Gongyan.The Interpretations of Yi Li.Beijing:Zhonghua Book Company,1980.]
金公亮:《诗经学ABC》。上海:世界书局,1929年。[Jin,Gonliang.Studies of The Book of Songs ABC.Shanghai:The World Publishing Company,1929.]
孔颖达:《毛诗正义》,《十三经注疏》本,阮元校刻。北京:中华书局,1980年。[Kong,Yingda.A Critical Interpretations of Mao's Edition of The Book of Songs.Beijing:Zhonghua Book Company,1980.]
马承源等编:《上海博物馆藏战国楚竹书》(一)。上海:上海古籍出版社,2001年。[Ma,Chengyuan,et al.,eds.The Bamboo Slips from Chu in the Warring States Period in the Shanghai Museum.Vol.1.Shanghai:Shanghai Ancient Books PublishingHouse,2001.]
夏含夷:《兴与象:中国古代文化史论文集》。上海:上海古籍出版社,2012年。[Shaughnessy,Edward L..Xing and Xiang:Essays on theAncient Chinese Cultural History.Shanghai:ShanghaiAncient Books Publishing House,2012.]
司马迁:《史记》。北京:中华书局,1959年。[Sima,Qian.The Records of the Great Historian.Beijing:Zhonghua Book Company,1959.]
孙诒让:《墨子闲诂》,《诸子集成》(四)。上海:上海书店出版社,1986年。[Sun,Yirang.The Annotations to Mozi.Shanghai:ShanghaiBookstore Publishing House,1986.]
王国维:《观堂集林》卷二,《王国维遗书》。上海:上海书店出版社,1983年。[Wang,Guowei.Guantang's Collected Works.Vol.2.Shanghai:Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House,1983.]
王先谦:《荀子集解》。北京:中华书局,1988年。[Wang,Xianqian.The Variorum Interpretations of Xunzi.Beijing:Zhonghua Book Company,1988.]
王应麟:《困学纪闻》卷三。上海:上海古籍出版社,2008年。[Wang,Yinglin.Records of a Hard Study.Vol.3.Shanghai:Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House,2008.]
闻一多:《闻一多全集》第3卷。武汉:湖北人民出版社,1993年。[Wen,Yiduo.The Complete Works of Wen Yiduo.Vol.3.Wuhan:Hubei People's Press,1993.]
游国恩等编:《中国文学史》。北京:人民文学出版社,1963年。[You,Guoen,et al.,eds.A History of Chinese Literature.Beijing:People's Literature Publishing House,1963.]
袁行霈等编:《中国文学史》。北京:高等教育出版社,1999年。[Yuan,Xingpei,et al.,eds.A History of Chinese Literature.Beijing:Higher Education Press,1999.]
张西堂:《诗经六论》。上海:商务印书馆,1957年。[Zhang,Xitang.Six Treatises of The Book of Songs.Shanghai:The Commercial Press,1957.]
郑振铎:《中国文学研究》上册。北京:人民文学出版社,1988年。[Zheng,Zhenduo.Studies of Chinese Literature.Vol.1.Beijing:People's Literature Publishing House,1988.]
朱谦之:《中国音乐文学史》。上海:上海人民出版社,2006年。[Zhu,Qianzhi.A History of Chinese Music Literature.Shanghai:Shanghai People's Publishing House,2006.]
郑樵:《通志二十略》。北京:中华书局,1995年。[Zheng,Qiao.Selections of Twenty Essential Treatises of The Tongzhi.Beijing:Zhonghua Book Company,1995.]
朱熹:《论语集注》,《四书章句集注》本。北京:中华书局,1983年。[Zhu,Xi.The Variorum Interpretations of The Analects.Beijing:Zhonghua Book Company,1983.]
---:《诗集传》。北京:中华书局,1958年。[---.The Variorum Interpretations of The Book of Songs.Beijing:Zhonghua Book Company,1958.]
---:《朱子语类》第六册。北京:中华书局,1986年。[---.The Classified Quotations of Zhu Xi.Vol.6.Beijing:Zhonghua Book Company,1986.]
(1)《小毖》《访落》《思文》《天作》《我将》等5篇,在王力《诗经韵读》中,王力先生将有些句子也归为押韵一类,但即使如此也很不规则,如有的诗篇竟然是末句的末字不入韵。
(2)据笔者调查,按《仪礼》所载,出于《周南》者为《关雎》《葛覃》《卷耳》,出于《召南》者为《鹊巢》《采蘩》《采蘋》《驺虞》,出于《小雅》者为《鹿鸣》《四牡》《皇皇者华》《鱼丽》《南有嘉鱼》《南山有台》,出于《大雅》者为《文王》《大明》《绵》,出于《周颂》者为《酌》《清庙》《振鹭》。以上共计十九篇,约占今本《诗经》总篇数的百分之六。出于逸诗者为《狸首》《南陔》《白华》《华黍》《由庚》《崇丘》《由仪》《采齐》等。
(3)班固《汉书·礼乐志》曰:“至武帝定郊祀之礼[……]乃立乐府,采诗夜诵,有赵、代、秦、楚之讴。以李延年为协律都尉,多举司马相如等数十人造为诗赋,略论律吕,以合八音之调,,作十九章之歌。”李延年为协律都尉应在前120年之后。《汉书·外戚传》云:“及夫人卒,上以后礼葬焉。其后,上以夫人兄李广利为贰师将军,封海西侯,延年为协律都尉。”而据《汉书·郊祀志》,李夫人卒于元狩二年(前120年),而学界一般认为司马相如卒于前118年,这距离司马相如受命撰写歌辞或已十余年。
(4)“风”诗被引用极少,也或可解释为“雅”“颂”多“雅言”,便于贵族们在庄重的场合下使用。但贵族在引诗时多仅取一篇中的一、两句或三、四句,选取“风诗”中的“雅言”也并非难事。
(5)如刘毓庆,郭万金:“《诗经》结集历程之研究”,《文艺研究》5(2005):74-84;马银琴:《西周诗史》(北京:社会文献科学出版社,2007年)、张中宇:“《国语》、《左传》引“诗”和《诗》的编订”,《文学评论》4(2008):29-36等。

[1]	Wang Changhua, Zhao Pengge . The Disintegration and Reconstruction of the "Value" in the Study of The Book of Songs in the Twentieth Century [J]. Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art, 2018, 38(4): 66-79.
[2]	Chen Guoan. On the Acceptance of The Books of Songs in the Qing Dynasty Poetry [J]. Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art, 2013, 33(3): 149-154.
[3]	Zhang Hui. An Exposition of Zhu Xi's "Preface to Annotations to The Book of Songs" [J]. Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art, 2013, 33(2): 51-56.

Questions about Studies of The Book of Songs in the Recent Century

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 3

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments