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文艺理论研究

文艺理论研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 129-138.

• 现当代文论研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

从不幸结局到自觉意志：论王国维悲剧观念的转变

斯维   

  1. 重庆大学人文社会科学高等研究院

  • 出版日期:2022-09-25 发布日期:2022-09-25
  • 作者简介:斯维，文学博士，重庆大学人文社会科学高等研究院教师，主要从事东亚悲剧观念研究。
  • 基金资助:

    本文系重庆市社会科学规划博士项目“王国维与中国现代悲剧观念的形成研究”［项目编号：2020BS23］和中央高校基本科研业务费项目“人文社会科学基本问题重审与方法论新探”[项目编号：2022CDJSKZX01]阶段性成果。

From Unfortunate Ending to Conscious Will: The Transformation of Wang Guowei’s Tragic Ideas

Si Wei   

  1. Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Science, Chongqing University

  • Online:2022-09-25 Published:2022-09-25
  • About author:Si Wei, Ph.D., is a faculty member in the Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Science, Chongqing University. His research interest is East Asian tragic ideats.
  • Supported by:

    This article is supported by the Chongqing Social Sciences Fund (2020BS23) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2022CDJSKZX01).

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摘要：

在王国维总体思想从受动向能动转变的背景下，其悲剧观念也发生重大转变，即从不幸结局观的接受转向自觉意志论的建构。最初，他阅读《岭云摇曳》等明治知识人的论著，并通过存在误译的早期英译本接受叔本华悲剧观念，把不幸结局作为衡量悲剧的绝对标准。接触尼采悲剧观念后，王国维逐渐改造此前以盲目欲望为中心的意志概念，把“意志之根本”从所译《心理学》中的“欲望”推向“自觉”，从而最终提出“主人翁之意志”作为衡量悲剧的最高标准。

关键词:

悲剧； , 王国维； , 结局； , 意志

Abstract:

This article analyzes the significant transformation in Wang Guowei’s tragic ideats from unfortunate ending to conscious will. Influenced by the anthologies of Taoka Reiun and The World as Will and Idea (1883), Wang Guowei initially accepted Schopenhauerian theory and considered unfortunate ending as an absolute criterion and indispensable element for tragedy. After his contact with Friedrich Nietzsche’s theory, Wang Guowei gradually abandoned his previous understanding of will centering on blind desire, departing from his translation of Psychology (1902). Consequently, he considered the foundation for will no longer as desire, but as consciousness. This change has led Wang Guowei to the idea that the will of the hero is the highest criterion for tragedy.

Key words:

tragedy, Wang Guowei, ending, will