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文艺理论研究

文艺理论研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 201-209.

• 西方文论 • 上一篇    下一篇

“距离”与艺术实践：阿尔都塞文艺批评中“群众”概念的展开

霍炬   

  1. 陕西师范大学文学院
  • 出版日期:2020-05-25 发布日期:2020-06-09
  • 作者简介:霍炬，文学博士，陕西师范大学文学院副教授，主要从事西方现代文学理论和中国古代文论的研究工作。

Distanciation and Artistic Practice: How the Concept of Masses Was Constructed in Althusser's Literary Criticism

Huo Ju   

  1. School of Chinese Language and Literature, Shaanxi Normal University
  • Online:2020-05-25 Published:2020-06-09
  • About author:Huo Ju, Ph. D., is an associate professor at School of Chinese Language and Literature, Shaanxi Normal University. His research interests include modern Western literary theory and ancient Chinese literary theory.

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摘要： 阿尔都塞对政治性的“群众”概念进行了理论厘清，申明在斗争中被联合起来的各阶级群众既是行动起点，也是理论归宿，因此在“西方马克思主义”的思想脉络中独树一帜。本文从文艺批评论述出发，强调阿尔都塞对当代批评理论中的“作者”“形式”和“间离效果”等概念的重新定位，用“距离”理论说明围绕着群众运动的意识形态实践如何介入现实和发挥现实功能，对“群众”概念的历史脉络、阿尔都塞文艺批评的理论斗争内容、他在当时新艺术实践中发现的积极内容以及哲学-艺术实践整体中的有机联系等问题展开论述。

关键词: 阿尔都塞, 群众, 距离, 意识形态

Abstract: One of Louis Pierre Althusser's contributions to Marxism was to clarify the concept of the political "masses", affirming that the masses of all classes united in struggle functioned as both the departure of action and the end of theory. He thus loomed as a unique presence in the intellectual development of Western Marxism. From the perspective of literary criticism, this paper focuses on Althusser's re-positioning of issues such as author, form and defamiliarization in contemporary critical theory, and on his using the distanciation theory to explicate howideological practice surrounding mass movement intervenes reality and functions in it. The paper tries to clarify the following issues: the historical context of Althusser's concept of the masses, the content of the theoretical contestation in Althusser's literary criticism, the positive effect of art neuveau as he found, and the organic connection in the overall philosophical-artistic practice.

Key words: Louis Pierre Althusser, the masses, distance, ideology