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文艺理论研究

文艺理论研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 36-47.

• 西方文论 • 上一篇    下一篇

精神分析的残酷小说：从弗洛伊德到卡夫卡，从德里达到米格诺特

让-米歇尔·拉伯特   

  1. 宾夕法尼亚大学
  • 出版日期:2021-09-25 发布日期:2021-09-26
  • 作者简介:让-米歇尔·拉伯特，宾夕法尼亚大学英语文学与比较文学教授，《现代文学学刊》（Journal of Modern Literature）编辑、美国现代语言协会哲学与文学论坛的主持人，2008年以来任美国艺术与科学院院士。在现代主义、精神分析、哲学与文学理论等方面有诸多著述。

Cruelfictions of Psychoanalysis: from Freud to Kafka; from Derrida to Mignotte

Jean-Michel Rabaté   

  1. University of Pennsylvania 
  • Online:2021-09-25 Published:2021-09-26
  • About author:Jean-Michel Rabaté, Professor of English and Comparative Literature at the University of Pennsylvania since 1992, is one of editors of the Journal of Modern Literature, chair of the Forum for Philosophy and Literature at the MLA, co-founder of Slought Foundation, where he organizes exhibitions, conferences, and public conversations. Since 2008, fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Author or editor of more than forty books on modernism, psychoanalysis, philosophy and literary theory.

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摘要： 德里达断言，精神分析遭遇的悬而未决主要问题是残酷这一存在。图里亚·米格诺特在《精神分析中的残酷、性与无意识》中回应了德里达的批判和质询。其策略是将残酷这一概念在文化和精神分析两个层面来探讨。本文在米格诺特的基础上，将这一问题放在身体层面来考察。通过将德里达对精神分析的论断与德勒兹论施虐和受虐的文章相比较，本文指明其路径上的交汇之处，并进一步讨论弗洛伊德、尼采和黑格尔的文本。本文最终聚焦卡夫卡谈普罗米修斯的短文，追溯其对残酷的思考。

关键词:

"> 残酷； 施虐； 血； 空虚； 普罗米修斯

Abstract: Derrida has asserted that the main problem encountered by psychoanalysis is the existence of cruelty, a question that has never been solved. Touria Mignotte has responded to these criticisms and queries in Cruelty, Sexuality, and the Unconscious in Psychoanalysis by deploying a concept of cruelty that is not simply cultural but psychoanalytical. Following Mignotte’s lead, I attempt to situate the investigation at a foundational level that looks at the body. Derrida’s argument about psychoanalysis is compared with Deleuze’s essay on sadism and masochism, after which I outline points of convergence in their approaches, which leads to discussions of texts by Freud, Nietzsche and Hegel. I conclude by tackling Kafka’s rethinking of cruelty via a short text on Prometheus.  

Key words:

cruelty, sadism, blood; the void, Prometheus